This study is to evaluate the safety and the dose-response of ASP1517 in the treatment of anemia in non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients when ASP1517 is applied intermittently.

To evaluate the safety and the dose-response of ASP1517 on Hemoglobin (Hb) correction in the treatment of anemia in non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients when ASP1517 is applied intermittently. Patients will receive ASP1517 three times a week (TIW) for first 6weeks. Patients may have the second-randomization to TIW dosing or once-a-week (QW) dosing at Week 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 or 16 if patients meet the criteria.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Chronic kidney disease with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (as calculated by the Japanese GFR estimation equation) of =<89 mL/min/1.73 m2, and not required dialysis for 3 months since study completion
• The mean of two Hb values at screening test and Hb test (at least one week apart form the screening test) is <10.0 g/dL, with a difference of ≤1.0 g/dL between the two values
• Both TSAT>=5% and ferritin >=30 ng/mL at screening test
• Serum folate ≥4.0 ng/mL and Vitamin B12 ≥180 pg/mL at screening test

Exclusion Criteria:

• Proliferative retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion and/or macular edema that is considered to require treatment
• Immunological disease with severe inflammation as assessed by the Investigator; even if the inflammation is in remission, the subject is excluded (e.g. lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, celiac disease, etc).
• Having a history of gastric/intestinal resection considered influential on the absorption of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract or evidence of active gastroparesis.
• Uncontrollable hypertension (more than one third blood pressure values of diastolic BP >100 mmHg within 16 weeks prior to screening test including)
• Congestive heart failure (NYHA classification III or higher)
• Having a history of hospitalization for stroke, myocardial infarction or lung infarction within 24 weeks before screening test
• Positive for any of the following: anti-hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV Ab); hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
• Anemia other than anemia due to low/absent renal production of EPO (e.g., iron deficiency anemia, hemolytic anemia, pancytopenia, etc)
• Using ESA, anabolic androgenic steroid, testosterone enanthate or mepitiostane within 6 weeks before screening test

Access to anonymized individual participant level data collected during the study, in addition to study-related supporting documentation, is planned for studies conducted with approved product indications and formulations, as well as products terminated during development. Studies conducted with product indications or formulations that remain active in development are assessed after study completion to determine if Individual Participant Data can be shared. Further details on Astellas' data sharing policy can be found at https://www.clinicaltrials.astellas.com/transparency/.

Access to participant level data is offered to researchers after publication of the primary manuscript (if applicable) and is available as long as Astellas has legal authority to provide the data.

Researchers must submit a proposal to conduct a scientifically relevant analysis of the study data. The research proposal is reviewed by an Independent Research Panel. If the proposal is approved, access to the study data is provided in a secure data sharing environment after receipt of a signed Data Sharing Agreement.