Patients with type 2 diabetes are at an increased risk for developing atherosclerosis, largely due to the underlying insulin resistance and chronic low grade inflammation. Cardiovascular events could be prevented with proper interventions targeted at ameliorating the aforementioned detrimental processes. YKL-40, a novel surrogate marker of acute and chronic inflammatory states has been implicated to have a putative role in both pathways. Given the shared pathway of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis, it is conceivable that anti-diabetes medications are able to modify coronary artery disease risk via direct and indirect amelioration of YKL-40 concentrations. The present clinical trial was therefore launched to examine the comparative effects of metformin and pioglitazone, two commonly prescribed anti-diabetes medications on YKL-40 concentrations in medication-naïve, newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients based on American Diabetes Association criteria for diagnosis of diabetes

Exclusion Criteria:

• positive history for taking anti-diabetes medications of any class in the past
• positive current history for taking over-the-counter vitamin or anti-oxidant supplements
• presence of clinically significant chronic illnesses of the heart, lungs, or kidneys.