This study was to determine efficacy of the non-returning catheter valve for reducing catheter associated urinary tract infection compared with conventional urine bag in critically ill patients.

Non-returning catheter valve (generic name) used UnometerTM SafetiTM Plus (trade name)

Inclusion Criteria:

• The participants who age more than 18 year and admitted to the medical intensive care unit or intermediate care unit
• All participants must be retained the urinary catheter.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The participants were diagnosed urinary tract infection before retention of the urinary catheter.