The overall goals of this program are to measure the impact of a pharmacist pneumococcal vaccine education program (PPVP) using a senior center model of care and provide the pneumococcal vaccine to eligible participants.

Hypotheses

1. PPVP will result in improved knowledge and awareness in older minorities in the senior center setting (primary hypothesis);
2. Participants who are vaccinated through the project will experienced increased trust in receiving vaccines from a pharmacist;
3. Participants will be satisfied with and trust the PV information provided by pharmacists in the PPVP;
4. PPVP is an efficient approach to educating patients in the senior center based on its costs;
5. Participating pharmacists will be activated to implement PPVP learnings in their practice.

Inclusion Criteria:

A. Inclusions for PPVP:

1. Age ≥ 50 years old
2. Can attend a 1.5-hour session at CIP
3. Cognitively intact based on responses to an Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) of ≥7 (see Appendix for AMTS instrument)
4. Can speak and read English at ≥4th grade level as evidenced by ability to read a brief passage
5. Access to a telephone

B. Inclusions to receive the optional pneumococcal vaccination:

Patient meets ≥1 of the following criteria for receiving their first pneumococcal vaccination:

1. All adults age 65 years and older who have not had the vaccine previously

2. Age 50-64 years with any of the following conditions:

   1. Cigarette smokers age 19 years and older
   2. Chronic cardiovascular disease (e.g., congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathies; excluding hypertension)
   3. Chronic pulmonary disease (including COPD and emphysema, and for adults ages 19 years and older, asthma)
   4. Diabetes mellitus
   5. Alcoholism
   6. Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis
   7. Candidate for or recipient of cochlear implant
   8. Functional or anatomic asplenia (e.g., sickle cell disease, splenectomy)
   9. Immunocompromising conditions or on immunosuppressive therapy
   10. Chronic renal failure or nephrotic syndrome

OR

Patient meets ≥1 of the following criteria for receiving a booster dose of the pneumococcal vaccination:

1. Adults age 65 years and older who received their first dose for any indication when they were younger than age 65 years.

2. Adults age 50-64 who have not received the vaccine for ≥5 years and have one of the following conditions:

   1. Functional or anatomic asplenia (including persons with sickle cell disease or splenectomy patients);
   2. Chronic renal failure (including dialysis patients) or nephrotic syndrome;
   3. Immunocompromising conditions or on immunosuppressive therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

A. Exclusions to the PPVP program: none

B. Exclusions to receiving the optional pneumococcal vaccine:

1. Participant has a history of allergic reaction to pneumococcal vaccine
2. Participant has a history of allergic reaction to any component of any vaccine
3. Participant with moderate or severe illness (these individuals will be advised to speak to their doctor regarding the vaccine)

Time of vaccination plus 7 days following receipt of vaccine

Vaccine consent form stated risks & benefits of vaccine and instructed individuals suspecting an adverse event (AE) within 7 days post-vaccination to phone a 24-hour investigator hotline for immediate phone evaluation and determination of next steps. In the event of an AE, the VAERS reporting system form VAERS-1 (FDA) would have been utilized.