The Influence of Placental Drainage of Management of the Third Stage of Labor:a Randomized Controlled Study

To determine whether early placental drainage plus cord traction reduces the incidences of manual removal and blood loss, and to determine the risk factors associated with blood loss after delivery.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. greater than 37 gestational weeks
2. single pregnancy
3. vaginal delivery
4. estimated fetal weight 2500-4500 gr.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. PPROM
2. 37 or lower gestational week
3. multiple pregnancy
4. grand multiparıty (greater than 5)
5. coagulation defects (HELLP, ablation placenta, previa, pre-eclampsia)
6. a history of any bleeding during pregnancy
7. caesarean delivery or any uterine scar
8. a history of postpartum haemorrhage
9. hydramnios
10. known uterine anomalies
11. suspected abnormal placentation (accreta, increta, or percreta)
12. prepartum hemoglobin concentration less than 8 g/dL
13. history of anticoagulant drugs and prolongation of the first stage of labor longer than 15 hours