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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| R01NR012899-03S2 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) | NIH |
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The specific aim of this study is to test whether oxytocin (OT) boosts the positive emotion yield of a new wellness behavior (Lovingkindness meditation or Mindfulness meditation) and thereby increases nonconscious motives that shape daily behavioral decisions to repeat it, which in turn foster positive emotions that further augment nonconscious motives in an upward spiral dynamic.
The proposed research targets three hypotheses: (1) Oxytocin manipulation magnifies (i.e., moderates) the positive emotion yield of Lovingkindness meditation; (2) The positive emotion yield of meditation, which varies by experimental condition, increases the nonconscious incentive salience of Wellness Behavior-related cues; and (3) Behavioral decisions predict positive emotions, sparking the relationships among OT manipulation, positive emotion yield, and nonconscious incentive salience of Wellness Behavior-related cues.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oxytocin | Experimental | Oxytocin intranasal spray, 6 intranasal sufflations which deliver a total of 24 international units of oxytocin |
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| Placebo (for oxytocin) | Placebo Comparator | Intranasal spray with all equivalent ingredients except oxytocin |
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| Lovingkindness Meditation | Experimental | Lovingkindness guided meditation experienced in the laboratory and 6 additional LKM meditations taken home on the iPod. |
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| Mindfulness Meditation | Placebo Comparator | Mindfulness guided meditation experienced in the laboratory and 6 additional Mindfulness meditations taken home on the iPod. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxytocin | Drug | 24 International Units |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in positive emotions (as measured by the Modified Daily Emotions Scale) | Modified Daily Emotions Scale (mDES) - This measure of explicit positive affect has been successfully used by the PI in multiple studies to detect changes in positive emotion. Previous work by the PI found that Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the mDES positive emotion composite variable was 0.93 in sample of mid-life community adults similar to those anticipated for this study. | Baseline and Weeks 1, 2, and 3 |
| Change in nonconscious incentive salience (as measured by the Affect Misattribution Procedure). | Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) - This measure of nonconscious incentive salience has acceptable internal consistency for an indirect measure of affect (.69 - .90) and has been found to predict judgments and behavioral outcomes above and beyond self-report measures. | Baseline and Weeks 1, 2, and 3 |
| Changes in meditation time | Self-reported meditation time recorded daily and weekly. In addition, meditation track play times will be recorded from the iPod. | Weeks 1, 2, and 3 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiac Vagal Tone | This measure of parasympathetic control over the heart has been positively associated with both emotional and social functioning. Previous work by the PI's team has found that baseline vagal tone predicts increased positive response to lovingkindness meditation (LKM), and that LKM in turn increases vagal tone. Previous research by other labs has also found that OT administration increases vagal reactivity. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Barbara L Fredrickson, Ph.D. | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UNC PEP Lab | Chapel Hill | North Carolina | 27519 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010121 | Oxytocin |
| D064866 | Mindfulness |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010909 | Pituitary Hormones, Posterior |
| D010907 | Pituitary Hormones |
| D036361 | Peptide Hormones |
| D006728 | Hormones |
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| Placebo (for oxytocin) | Drug | intranasal spray manufactured to mimic oxytocin nasal spray |
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| Lovingkindness Meditation | Behavioral |
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| Mindfulness Meditation | Behavioral |
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| Baseline |
| D006730 |
| Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists |
| D010455 | Peptides |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D015928 | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| D001521 | Behavior Therapy |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |