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Hypersomnia is defined as a reduced ability to remain awake during the day. There are basically two types of central hypersomnia: narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. Currently, the diagnosis of these sleep disorders is based on polysomnographic recordings which is difficult to access. Tests of sleepiness (Epworth, Karolinska) are subjective.
A biological marker of sleepiness, easily accessible and measurable, would be very useful for the diagnosis and therapeutic follow up of excessive diurnal sleepiness. Salivary secretions appear as good physiological markers. Studies have shown for healthy subjects, that the expression and activity of salivary amylase are increased when subjects are deprived of sleep.
The investigators propose to explore the usefulness of salivary biomarkers (including amylase) as a new non-invasive and simple technique for the assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects with narcolepsy or with idiopathic hypersomnia | Other |
| |
| Control patients with no sleeping disorder | Other |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| saliva collection | Procedure | collection of saliva |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Determination of the expression and enzymatic activity of salivary amylase. | Show an increase of salivary amylase for children with hypersomnia or narcolepsy compared to a group of children matched on age and sex. | 3 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Measurement of the mean sleep onset latency using the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) | To highlight a correlation between the degree of somnolence measured by MSLT and the rate of salivary amylase. | 3 days |
| Measurement of the somnolence using Epworth and Karolinska scales |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Subjects with hypersomnia (narcolepsy or idiopathic):
Control subjects:
Exclusion Criteria:
Control subjects:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Exploration et pathologie du sommeil | Bron | 69677 | France |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006970 | Disorders of Excessive Somnolence |
| D009290 | Narcolepsy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020919 | Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic |
| D020920 | Dyssomnias |
| D012893 | Sleep Wake Disorders |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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To highlight a correlation between the degree of somnolence measured by the scales and the rate of salivary amylase. |
| 3 days |
| D001523 |
| Mental Disorders |