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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| The Food Trust | UNKNOWN |
| The School District of Philadelphia | OTHER |
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The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the effects of a school breakfast policy initiative (SBPI) on the incidence of overweight and obesity as well as breakfast patterns (both inside and outside of school) among 4th-6th grade children. The study integrates research, education and extension to promote healthy breakfast consumption among low-income children in urban schools and will leverage ongoing SNAP-Ed and the School Breakfast Program efforts.
Policy makers have promoted school breakfast participation as a tool to help prevent childhood obesity. No randomized controlled trials have examined the effects of a school breakfast feeding program on obesity. We propose to develop and evaluate a School Breakfast Policy Initiative (SBPI) that combines classroom feeding, in-school nutrition education, social marketing and parent outreach. Specifically, we will promote the benefits of a healthy breakfast at school or home and deter buying "breakfast" at corner stores where purchases are high in energy, solid fats and added sugars. This intervention will be evaluated in the "real world" of urban schools that make frequent use of the SNAP-Ed and the School Breakfast Program. The specific aims are:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| One Healthy Breakfast Program | Experimental | Classroom feeding, nutrition education lessons, social marketing, and parent outreach. |
|
| Control | No Intervention | Only receive assessments. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Classroom feeding | Other | Students are fed breakfast in the classroom at the start of the school, rather than the cafeteria before school. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Body Mass Index | BMI is calculated using students' height and weight measurements. | Pilot Study: baseline (September-October 2012), 8-9 month follow up (May 2014). Main Trial: baseline (September-December 2013), 16 month follow up (January-March 2015), 32 month follow up (April-June 2016) |
| Breakfast Consumption habits | Measured using a breakfast intake questionnaire. | Pilot Study: baseline (September-October 2012), 8-9 month follow up (May 2014). Main Trial: baseline (September-December 2013), 16 month follow up (January-March 2015), 32 month follow up (April-June 2016) |
| Hunger | Measured using a hunger scale questionnaire. | Pilot Study: baseline (September-October 2012), 8-9 month follow up (May 2014). Main Trial: baseline (September-December 2013), 16 month follow up (January-March 2015), 32 month follow up (April-June 2016) |
| School meal participation rates | Every month for 34 months (September 2013-June 2016) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jennifer O Fisher, PhD | Temple University - Center for Obesity Research and Education | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temple University - Center for Obesity Research and Education | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 19140 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30801612 | Derived | Polonsky HM, Bauer KW, Fisher JO, Davey A, Sherman S, Abel ML, Hanlon A, Ruth KJ, Dale LC, Foster GD. Effect of a Breakfast in the Classroom Initiative on Obesity in Urban School-aged Children: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2019 Apr 1;173(4):326-333. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5531. | |
| 26865650 | Derived |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D063766 | Pediatric Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D040241 | Social Marketing |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D040541 | Marketing |
| D003132 | Commerce |
| D013676 | Technology, Industry, and Agriculture |
| D008389 | Marketing of Health Services |
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| Nutrition education lessons | Behavioral | Students receive breakfast specific nutrition education lessons. |
|
| Social Marketing | Behavioral | A social marketing campaign designed to promote consumption of one healthy breakfast a day. The marketing includes a healthy breakfast points-based reward program designed by the students and promotional campaigns. |
|
| Parent outreach | Behavioral | A variety of communication methods that engage families and offer education that meets their needs, including school breakfast menus, parent newsletters, and information tables at parent-teacher meetings. |
|
| Dykstra H, Davey A, Fisher JO, Polonsky H, Sherman S, Abel ML, Dale LC, Foster GD, Bauer KW. Breakfast-Skipping and Selecting Low-Nutritional-Quality Foods for Breakfast Are Common among Low-Income Urban Children, Regardless of Food Security Status. J Nutr. 2016 Mar;146(3):630-6. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.225516. Epub 2016 Feb 10. |
| 24928474 | Derived | Lawman HG, Polonsky HM, Vander Veur SS, Abel ML, Sherman S, Bauer KW, Sanders T, Fisher JO, Bailey-Davis L, Ng J, Van Wye G, Foster GD. Breakfast patterns among low-income, ethnically-diverse 4th-6th grade children in an urban area. BMC Public Health. 2014 Jun 14;14:604. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-604. |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006297 |
| Health Services Accessibility |
| D003695 | Delivery of Health Care |
| D017530 | Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation |