The immediate treatment group will fill out the questions at the initial appointment and again after five treatment appointments. They will fill the questions out again at the first follow-up treatment appointment (approximately 4-5 months from the initial appointment), and then at the next (and last) follow-up appointment (approximately 7-8 months). The participants teacher will also be asked to fill out sets of questions.

The wait list group will fill out the sets of questions again in 1-2 months. The question sets will then be completed again before beginning treatment four months from the initial completion and then again after five treatment appointments. The question sets will then be completed again at the first follow-up treatment appointment (approximately 8-9 months from the initial appointment) and at the next (and last) follow-up appointment (in about 11-12 months from the initial appointment).

•The immediate treatment group will fill out the questions at the initial appointment and again after five treatment appointments. They will fill the questions out again at the first follow-up treatment appointment (approximately 4-5 months from the initial appointment), and then at the next (and last) follow-up appointment (approximately 7-8 months). The participants teacher will also be asked to fill out sets of questions.

The primary outcome measure is the parent BASC2 Externalizing score at 3 months post-treatment. The mean score in the control group at 3 months is expected to be about 70 points with a standard deviation of 10 based on previous research. Assuming a 10 unit difference in scores is clinically significant (effect size = 1.0), 17 patients per group will be required to detect a statistically significant difference between groups with 80% power assuming an alpha = 0.05 level of significance.

• The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) and Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory-Revised (SESBI-R) will be used to assess oppositional-defiant and conduct problem behaviors, yielding Problem and Intensity scales. The ECBI and SESBI-R were standardized on a large (N=798) sample of children between the ages of 2 and 16 from ethnically diverse backgrounds and exhibit good model fit across ethnic/racial groups. These scales have high internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, good model fit across racial/ethnic groups, enable prediction of membership in referred groups of children, and have good concurrent validity.
• The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales IV (FACES-IV) will be used to assess family cohesion and flexibility and has internal reliability and validity over .80 for all scales. The Parenting Stress Index - Short Form will be used to measure stress related to the child's behavior and mood and related to factors specific to the parent.