This study is to assess the efficacy and safety of palonosetron in preventing the acute and delayed emesis induced by 3-day highly emetogenic chemotherapy. A double-blind, crossover design is used and granisetron is the positive control.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed with malignant tumors who can receive 3-day chemotherapy regimens defined by the protocol;
• The two-cycle sequential chemotherapy must be the same in drugs, dosage, sequence and routes of administration;
• Patients are prohibited from any other chemotherapy drugs during the study, as well as other antiemesis, sedative and psychotropic drugs within 5 days after chemotherapy;
• Life expectancy ≥ 3 months;
• Adequate hematologic function;
• Adequate hepatic function;
• Adequate renal function;
• At least 2 weeks away from the last chemotherapy;
• Patients signed written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or lactating women;
• History of anticipatory vomiting;
• Radiation therapy on the abdomen or pelvis within one week prior to study entry;
• Concomitant use of other drugs which may affect the antiemetic effects (such as omeprazole, amifostine, etc.);
• Patients with gastrointestinal obstruction;
• Patients with severe heart disease, liver or renal disease, or metabolism disorders;
• Patients with epilepsy or using sedative or psychotropic drugs;
• Patients with diabetes or with contraindication for corticosteroids;
• Patients who received antiemetic drugs or experienced nausea or vomiting within 24 hours prior to study entry;
• Patients with brain metastasis or intracranial hypertension;
• Hypersensitivity to 5-HT3 receptor antagonist;
• Patients with active infection;
• Other conditions that the investigator considered as unsuitable for chemotherapy;
• Subjects participating in other clinical trials.