A Phase II Randomized Study Comparing Two Doses of Carfilzomib (NSC-756640) With Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Disease
A Phase II Randomized Study Comparing Two Doses of Carfilzomib (NSC-756640) With Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Disease
This randomized phase II trial compares how well two different doses of carfilzomib work when given with dexamethasone in treating patients with multiple myeloma that has come back after a period of improvement or has not responded to treatment. Carfilzomib may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as dexamethasone, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving carfilzomib together with dexamethasone may kill more cancer cells. It is not yet known whether a higher or lower dose of carfilzomib works better when given with dexamethasone.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To evaluate and compare progression free survival (PFS) of two different doses of carfilzomib with dexamethasone in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with relapsed and/or refractory disease.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To evaluate and compare response rates (RR) for each arm. II. To evaluate response rates (RR) for patients that relapse on low dose carfilzomib and subsequently cross-over to high dose carfilzomib.
III. To evaluate the safety of this combination for this patient population. IV. To evaluate overall survival (OS).
TERTIARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To explore the molecular variability in MM cells obtained from extramedullary bone marrow relapse sites.
II. To explore the role of positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in assessing disease burden and as a tool to assess treatment response.
III. To explore changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma treated with low dose carfilzomib or high dose carfilzomib plus dexamethasone.
OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.
ARM I: Patients receive dexamethasone intravenously (IV) and low-dose carfilzomib IV over 2-10 minutes on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16. Patients with progression cross-over to Arm II.
ARM II: Patients receive dexamethasone IV and high-dose carfilzomib IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16.
Note that for the first course of treatment on both arms carfilzomib is given at a reduced rate to assess toxicity.
In both arms, treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 3 years from initial registration.
Inclusion Criteria:
REGISTRATION STEP 1: INITIAL RANDOMIZATION
Patients must have a confirmed diagnosis of symptomatic multiple myeloma and must be currently relapsed or refractory; all tests for establishing disease status must be completed within 28 days prior to registration and documented on the Baseline Tumor Assessment Form for Multiple Myeloma
Patients must have measurable disease within 28 days prior to registration
Patients must have received at least one prior regimen of chemotherapy for symptomatic multiple myeloma; patients may not have more than six (6) previous regimens of therapy for the disease; prior chemotherapy must have been completed at least 21 days prior to registration; for study purposes, a regimen is defined as follows:
Patients may not have received any prior carfilzomib treatment
Patients must not be receiving any other concurrent therapy considered to be investigational; patients must not be planning to receive any radiotherapy (except localized radiation for palliative care); patients must not be planning to receive any concurrent chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy or other treatment with curative intent
Patients must have complete history and physical examination within 28 days prior to registration
Patients must have baseline PET scan within 28 days prior to registration; note that images are submitted centrally for review
Patients with non-secretory MM or known primary amyloidosis are not eligible
Patients must have Zubrod performance status 0-2
Patients must not have clinically significant illness including uncontrolled, active infection requiring intravenous antibiotics, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or class IV heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, or >= grade 3 cardiac arrhythmias
Patients must have undergone an electrocardiogram (EKG) within 28 days prior to registration
Patients must have either echocardiogram (ECHO) with ejection fraction >= 45% within 28 days prior to registration
Patients must not have > grade 2 neuropathy and/or POEMS syndrome (plasma cell dyscrasia with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin changes)
Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) =< 3 x ULN
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,000 cell/mm^3 without growth factor support within 14 days prior to registration
Platelets >= 50,000 cells/mm^3 for patients who have bone marrow plasmacytosis < 50% or >= 30,000 cells/mm^3 for patients who have bone marrow plasmacytosis of >= 50% within 14 days prior to registration
Calculated or measured creatinine clearance >= 30 ml/min within 14 days prior to registration
Patients who are known to be human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) are eligible providing they meet all of the following additional criteria within 28 days prior to registration:
Patients with known hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection must have viral load < 800,000 IU/L within 28 days prior to registration
Patients must have baseline skeletal survey to document lytic lesions, osteopenia or compression fracture within 28 days prior to registration
Patients may have received palliative external beam radiation therapy (XRT) for local disease control with no curative intent. XRT must be completed at least 7 days prior to registration
Patients must be offered participation in specimen submission for translational medicine studies and banking; with patient consent, specimens must be submitted
Patients must not be pregnant or nursing; women/men of reproductive potential must have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method; a woman is considered to be of "reproductive potential" if she has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months; in addition to routine contraceptive methods, "effective contraception" also includes heterosexual celibacy and surgery intended to prevent pregnancy (or with a side-effect of pregnancy prevention) defined as a hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or bilateral tubal ligation; however, if at any point a previously celibate patient chooses to become heterosexually active during the time period for use of contraceptive measures outlined in the protocol, he/she is responsible for beginning contraceptive measures
No other prior malignancy is allowed except for the following: adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, adequately treated stage I or II cancer from which the patient is currently in complete remission, or any other cancer from which the patient has been disease free for three years
Patients or their legally authorized representative must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give written informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines
As a part of the Oncology Patient Enrollment Network (OPEN) registration process the treating institution's identity is provided in order to ensure that the current (within 365 days) date of institutional review board approval for this study has been entered in the system
REGISTRATION STEP 2: CROSSOVER
Patient must have been eligible for and initially randomized to Arm 1 (low dose carfilzomib), begun cycle 2 of treatment, and progressed prior to completing 12 cycles of protocol therapy
At least 14 days and no more than 28 days must have elapsed between the last day of treatment on Arm 1 and registration to Arm 3
Patients must have recovered from all non-hematologic toxicities to =< grade 2 and from all hematologic toxicities to =< grade 3 prior to registration
Patients must have begun cycle 2 (carfilzomib - 27 mg/m^2) and must not have received any dose reduction for toxicity in the last cycle of treatment, immediately preceding progression
Patients must have serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and kappa and lambda light chain testing performed within 14 days prior to registration in order to establish baseline measurements
Patients must not have ejection fraction decrease > 10% from baseline (as determined by ECHO) or other ejection fraction decrease accompanied by other clinical signs/symptoms of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV heart failure, measured within 28 days prior to registration; if any question exists regarding individual patient eligibility in this situation, contact the study chair for determination
Cameron Park, California 95682, United States
Roseville, California 95661, United States
Sacramento, California 95817, United States
Vacaville, California 95687, United States
Pekin, Illinois 61554, United States
Houma, Louisiana 70360, United States
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Jefferson City, Missouri 65109, United States
Las Vegas, Nevada 89109, United States
Las Vegas, Nevada 89113, United States
Las Vegas, Nevada 89149, United States
Stevens Point, Wisconsin 54481, United States
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