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The mechanisms through which omega-3 fatty acids reduce adverse cardiac events remain uncertain. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on endothelial vasomotor function, endogenous fibrinolysis, and platelet and monocyte activation in patients with coronary heart disease.
Twenty patients with a previous myocardial infarction were recruited into a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation (2g/day for 6-weeks). Peripheral blood was taken for analysis of platelet and monocyte activation, and forearm blood flow was assessed in a subset of 12 patients during intrabrachial infusions of acetylcholine, substance P and sodium nitroprusside. Stimulated plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) concentrations were measured during substance P infusion.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Omega 3 fatty acid supplementation | Experimental | Omacor 2 grams daily |
|
| Olive Oil | Placebo Comparator | Olive Oil capsule 2 grams daily |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omega 3 fatty acid supplementation | Dietary Supplement | 2 grams Omacor daily |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Endogenous fibrinolysis (net release of plasma t-PA,IU mL-1) | Endogenous fibrinolysis was measured by drawing blood during intrabrachial substance P infusion and then plasma t-PA antigen and activity (t-PA Combi Actibind Elisa Kit; Technoclone, Vienna, Austria) concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Estimated net release of plasma t-PA was the product of the infused forearm plasma flow (based on the mean hematocrit and the infused forearm blood flow) and the concentration difference between the infused and noninfused arms. | Measured at 6 weeks after omega 3 fatty acids or placebo |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Endothelial vasomotor function (forearm blood flow, mL l00 mL-1 min-1) | Forearm blood flow was measured during intrabrachial infusions of acetylcholine, substance P and sodium nitroprusside by venous occlusion plethysmography with mercury-in-silicone elastomer strain gauges. | Measured at 6 weeks after omega 3 fatty acids or placebo |
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Inclusion Criteria:
• Myocardial infarction at least 3 months previously.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| David E Newby | University of Edinburgh | Study Chair |
| Jehangir N Din | University of Edinburgh | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh | Edinburgh | Scotland | EH16 4SB | United Kingdom |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000069463 | Olive Oil |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004042 | Dietary Fats, Unsaturated |
| D004041 | Dietary Fats |
| D005223 | Fats |
| D008055 | Lipids |
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| Olive Oil | Dietary Supplement | 2 grams olive oil daily |
|
| Circulating platelet-monocyte aggregates (%). |
Whole blood was immunolabelled with appropriate monoclonal antibodies for subsequent flow cytometric analysis of platelet-monocyte aggregation. Platelet-monocyte aggregates were defined as the percentage of monocytes positive for CD42a. |
| Measured at 6 weeks after omega 3 fatty acids or placebo |
| D005224 |
| Fats, Unsaturated |
| D010938 | Plant Oils |
| D009821 | Oils |
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |