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This study will examine whether a twelve-week intervention with one ounce (28 g) per day of walnuts improves endothelial function measured non-invasively using finger probe (EndoPat-2000) in people with coronary heart disease or type 2 diabetes.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Walnuts | Experimental | This group will receive one ounce of walnuts per day |
|
| Usual diet (no walnuts) | No Intervention | Control group (does not receive walnuts in the diet) |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Once ounce per day of walnuts | Other |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in reactive hyperemia index occurring between baseline and 12 weeks (end of intervention) | Reactive hyperemia index (RHI), which in part reflects vasodilator function of the small blood vessel at the fingertips is an indirect measure of endothelial function. Change in RHI between baseline and 12 weeks post intervention will be measured in each group using EndoPat2000 device. We will compare RHI change between walnut group and usual diet group. | 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in blood levels of hormones produced by fat cells between baseline and 12 weeks (end of intervention) | Specifically, we will measure changes in blood levels of following hormones: retinol binding protein 4, fatty acid binding protein 4, total adiponectin, and leptin before and after 12 weeks of walnut consumption/consumption of usual diet. | 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in heart rate variability between baseline and 12 weeks post-intervention | Change in heart rate variability will be measured in each group before and after 12 weeks. | 12 weeks |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Luc Djousse, MD, ScD | Brigham and Women's Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brigham and Women's Hospital | Boston | Massachusetts | 02120 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Djousse L, Lu B, Gaziano JM. Effects of Walnut Consumption on Endothelial Function in People with Type 2 Diabetes: a Randomized Pilot Trial. Curr Nutr Rep 2016;5:1-8 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003327 | Coronary Disease |
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017202 | Myocardial Ischemia |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
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| D044882 |
| Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |