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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| KU Leuven | OTHER |
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Depression involves the tendency to recall overgeneral personal memories, a phenomenon which has been linked to numerous adverse psychological outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a group-based Memory Specificity Training (MEST) programme improves outcomes in depression, and how this compares to an education and support control group. The primary aim is to examine whether MEST, which involves repeated practice retrieving specific autobiographical memories reduces depressive symptoms immediately post-treatment, and whether this is maintained 3 months after treatment. The secondary objective of this trial is to examine the role of hypothesised cognitive processes (ie., rumination, executive control, cognitive avoidance) which may underlie improvements in depression and memory.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Memory Specificity Training | Experimental | Five weekly one-hour sessions of memory specificity training administered in groups of 5-8 participants. |
|
| Education and Support | Active Comparator | Five weekly one-hour sessions of an education-and-discussion supportive intervention, administered in groups of 5-8 participants. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Memory Specificity Training | Behavioral | This intervention is a manualised, structured treatment delivered over 5 x 60 minute sessions to groups of 5-8 individuals. This treatment involves repeated practice of retrieving specific autobiographical memories in response to positive, negative and neutral cue words. There is a single psychoeducation component in the first session about memory difficulties common in depression which provides the rationale for this treatment. The training is supplemented by weekly homework practice. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in depressive symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) | Symptom severity score | Change from baseline to 3 months post-treatment |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in depressive status according to the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - IV (SCID-IV) | Presence of a current Major Depressive Episode (MDE) | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment, and 6-months post-treatment (6-month follow-up for MEST group only) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline on the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) | Symptom severity score | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Change from baseline on the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tim Dalgleish, PhD | Medical Research Council | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aliza Werner-Seidler | Sydney | 2022 | Australia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29587159 | Derived | Werner-Seidler A, Hitchcock C, Bevan A, McKinnon A, Gillard J, Dahm T, Chadwick I, Panesar I, Breakwell L, Mueller V, Rodrigues E, Rees C, Gormley S, Schweizer S, Watson P, Raes F, Jobson L, Dalgleish T. A cluster randomized controlled platform trial comparing group MEmory specificity training (MEST) to group psychoeducation and supportive counselling (PSC) in the treatment of recurrent depression. Behav Res Ther. 2018 Jun;105:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2018.03.004. Epub 2018 Mar 15. | |
| 25052061 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003865 | Depressive Disorder, Major |
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003866 | Depressive Disorder |
| D019964 | Mood Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004522 | Educational Status |
| D010166 | Palliative Care |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012959 | Socioeconomic Factors |
| D011154 | Population Characteristics |
| D005791 | Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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|
| Education and Support | Behavioral | The education-and-support comparison condition is matched with the experimental arm for length and format (ie., 5 x 60 minute weekly sessions in groups of 5-8 individuals). Groups receive a single psychoeducation component where information about depression is provided. This is followed by non-directive support where participants are encouraged to raise different kinds of events that occur each week for discussion in the group. The sessions are supplemented by a homework diary where participants will be invited to note down an event that occurs each day, which may be positive, negative, or benign and non-emotional in nature. This material will provide the basis for discussion in the weekly group meetings. |
|
| Change from baseline in autobiographical memory specificity on Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) | Memory specificity level | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Change from baseline in depressive symptoms as measured on the BDI-II | Symptom severity score | Change from baseline to post-treatment (approximately 6-weeks) |
| Depression free days following treatment according to the Longitudinal Follow-up Evaluation on the SCID-IV | Number of depression-free days | Post-treatment and 3-month and 6-month follow-up |
Hopelessness score
| Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Change from baseline on the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ) | Tendency for avoidance score | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Change in baseline on Rumination Response Scale (RRS) | Tendency to ruminate score | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Change from baseline in performance on Means-Ends Problem Solving Task (MEPS) | Problem solving effectiveness score | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Change from baseline in performance on Verbal Fluency Task | Index of executive control | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Change in baseline on performance on Digit Span Task | Working memory index | Change from baseline at end of treatment (approximately 6 weeks) and 3 months post-treatment |
| Derived |
| Dalgleish T, Bevan A, McKinnon A, Breakwell L, Mueller V, Chadwick I, Schweizer S, Hitchcock C, Watson P, Raes F, Jobson L, Werner-Seidler A. A comparison of MEmory Specificity Training (MEST) to education and support (ES) in the treatment of recurrent depression: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2014 Jul 22;15:293. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-293. |
| D001519 |
| Behavior |
| D006296 |
| Health Services |
| D005159 | Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services |