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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation | OTHER |
| Kenya Medical Research Institute | OTHER |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | FED |
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The project goal is to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test whether mobile phone short message system (SMS) reminders, either with or without mobile-phone based travel subsidies will improve timeliness, coverage, and drop-out rates of routine EPI vaccines in rural western Kenya.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMS reminder | Experimental |
| |
| SMS reminder and Travel subsidy | Experimental |
| |
| Control | No Intervention | ||
| SMS reminder and Travel subsidy 2 | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SMS reminder | Other |
| ||
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Percent of children immunized | Up to 12 months of age |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Percent of fully immunized children (FIC) by study arm | FIC = One dose bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine, three doses pentavalent (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, hepatitis B, haemophilus influenzae type b) vaccine, three doses polio vaccine and one dose measles vaccine. The proportion of FIC infants by 10 months of age in each of the intervention arms (SMS only and SMS + subsidy) will be separately compared to the control arm using statistical analyses that adjust for the cluster design and any socio-demographic variables that may be unequally distributed across study arms |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gem and Asembo Area | Gem and Asembo Area | Siaya County | Kenya |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23246258 | Background | Wakadha H, Chandir S, Were EV, Rubin A, Obor D, Levine OS, Gibson DG, Odhiambo F, Laserson KF, Feikin DR. The feasibility of using mobile-phone based SMS reminders and conditional cash transfers to improve timely immunization in rural Kenya. Vaccine. 2013 Jan 30;31(6):987-93. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.093. Epub 2012 Dec 13. | |
| 27189422 |
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| Travel subsidy |
| Other |
|
| Travel subsidy 2 | Other |
|
| 10 months of age |
| Proportion of children vaccinated by study arm | The proportion of intervention arm infants that receive vaccination within 2 weeks of the scheduled date will be calculated for each dose of vaccine and compared to the control arm using statistical analyses that adjust for our cluster design and any socio-demographic variables that may be unequally distributed across study arms | Within 2 weeks of each scheduled vaccine date |
| Proportion of children dropping out between doses | Comparison of the differences in percentages of children vaccinated with pentavalent1 and pentavalent3 in the interventions arms compared to this difference in the control arm using statistical analyses that adjust for our cluster design and any socio-demographic variables that may be unequally distributed across study arms | Age 24 weeks |
| Proportion of children receiving measles and pentavalent vaccines by study arm | Comparison of vaccine coverage (pentavalent3 and measles, separately) between intervention and control arms | Age 24 weeks (pentavalent only), 10 months and age 12 months |
| Proportion in each arm vaccinated by mobile phone ownership and by residential distance from a health facility | Vaccine coverage analysis stratified by mobile phone ownership and residential distance | Age 12 months |
| Height-for-age,to evaluate if the interventions had impact on other health status indicators | Using regression, average height for age in each group will be compared across study groups | Age 12 months |
| Direct costs for each intervention arm | Costs include SMS messages, the amount of travel subsidy transferred, and the tariffs and fees that are associated with using mobile-money. For each arm, these costs will be divided by the number of children vaccinated and comparisons will be made across study arms | 25 months, approximate time period for deploying interventions |
| Bed-net usage, to evaluate if the interventions had impact on other indicators of health status | Proportion of children using bed-nets will be compared across study groups | Age 12 months |
| Vitamin A coverage, o evaluate if the interventions had impact on other indicators of health status | Proportion of children who have received vitamin A supplementation will be compared across study groups | Age 12 months |
| Gibson DG, Kagucia EW, Ochieng B, Hariharan N, Obor D, Moulton LH, Winch PJ, Levine OS, Odhiambo F, O'Brien KL, Feikin DR. The Mobile Solutions for Immunization (M-SIMU) Trial: A Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial That Assesses the Impact of Mobile Phone Delivered Reminders and Travel Subsidies to Improve Childhood Immunization Coverage Rates and Timeliness in Western Kenya. JMIR Res Protoc. 2016 May 17;5(2):e72. doi: 10.2196/resprot.5030. |
| 28288747 | Derived | Gibson DG, Ochieng B, Kagucia EW, Were J, Hayford K, Moulton LH, Levine OS, Odhiambo F, O'Brien KL, Feikin DR. Mobile phone-delivered reminders and incentives to improve childhood immunisation coverage and timeliness in Kenya (M-SIMU): a cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2017 Apr;5(4):e428-e438. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30072-4. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004165 | Diphtheria |
| D013742 | Tetanus |
| D014917 | Whooping Cough |
| D006509 | Hepatitis B |
| D006192 | Haemophilus Infections |
| D008457 | Measles |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003354 | Corynebacterium Infections |
| D000193 | Actinomycetales Infections |
| D016908 | Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections |
| D001424 | Bacterial Infections |
| D001423 | Bacterial Infections and Mycoses |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D003015 | Clostridium Infections |
| D001885 | Bordetella Infections |
| D016905 | Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D000086982 | Blood-Borne Infections |
| D003141 | Communicable Diseases |
| D018347 | Hepadnaviridae Infections |
| D004266 | DNA Virus Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D006525 | Hepatitis, Viral, Human |
| D006505 | Hepatitis |
| D008107 | Liver Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D016871 | Pasteurellaceae Infections |
| D018185 | Morbillivirus Infections |
| D018184 | Paramyxoviridae Infections |
| D018701 | Mononegavirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
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