Iron overload is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in transfusion-dependent patients. Deferasirox is the most promising iron chelator agent in several clinical scenarios. The investigators propose a retrospective study (chart review) to evaluate comprehensive iron overload management in transfusion-dependent patients treated with deferasirox for up to 5-10 years in a real clinical practice setting.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Transfusion- dependent patients (> 2 years);
• Ongoing deferasirox therapy during the study period;
• ≥ 2 Magnetic Resonance scans (one at baseline and at least one post baseline - as per clinical need) during study period (this criteria is not mandatory for patients undergoing only the endocrine subanalysis and participating only to the cardiac analysis);
• Available medical history including relevant clinical and laboratory data (e.g serum ferritin, liver function tests, renal function tests, endocrine parameters ) at baseline before starting deferasirox treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

• Non transfusion- dependent patients;
• Other chelation therapy than deferasirox;
• Absence of complete medical history as above specified

Adult and pediatric transfusion- dependent patients (male and female) with different underlying cronic anemias who received iron chelation therapy with deferasirox during the observational study period and underwent at least 2 cardiac MRI scans at the Pozzuoli site.

All consecutive patients visited at the participating sites starting from March 2003 to October 2012 will be entered in this observational study (chart review) provided all the inclusion an no exclusion criteria are met.