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In this longitudinal study we will measure the development of preferences for a particular vegetable or fruit type within 4 to 6 months old subjects, during a 19 day exposure period to fruit or vegetables (of which 9 days exposure to the target fruit or vegetable) and 6 months after this exposure period. In addition, we compare the food preferences (fruit, vegetable, sweet foods in general), after 6 months, between infants who were weaned with a variety of fruits and infants who were weaned with a variety of vegetables.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| green beans group, | Experimental | 1 of the 2 vegetable groups. The infants were weaned only with vegetables. With green beans every other day and another vegetable on the days in between. |
|
| Artichoke group | Experimental | 1 of the 2 vegetable groups. The infants were weaned only with vegetables. With Artichoke every other day and another vegetable on the days in between |
|
| Apple group | Active Comparator | 1 of the 2 fruit groups. The infants were weaned only with fruits. With Apple every other day and other fruits on the days in between |
|
| Plums group | Active Comparator | 1 of the 2 fruit groups. The infants were weaned only with vegetables. With Plums every other day and other fruits on the days in between |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| green beans group | Other | Infants were weaned with vegetable purees for the first 18 days of weaning. One vegetable type per day. With green beans every other day. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Vegetable and fruit intake | Change in Vegetable and fruit intake from before to after the repeated exposure to it. Measured at day 1 and 2 and day 17 and 18 at the intervention. | At the first 19 days of weaning (4-6 months of age) |
| Intake of the target Vegetables and fruits at 12 months of age. | Vegetable and fruit intake at 12 months of age. Measured in the lab. Fruit group received apple, plum and green beans at 3 different days | 6 months after the intervention. Mean age 12 months. |
| Green beans and Apple intake at 23 months of age. | Green beans and Apple intake at 23 months of age. | when infants are 23 months of age |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vegetable and in fruit intake after the repeated exposure | Difference in vegetable intake between vegetable and fruit groups and in fruit intake between the vegetable and fruit groups. Vegetable intake is measured on day 17 and 18 in the vegetable groups and in the fruit groups at day 19 (when fruit groups gets the first vegetable. | After the repeated exposure period during the first 19 days of weaning |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Cees de Graaf, Prof. | Wageningen University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wageningen University | Wageningen | Gelderland | 6703 HD | Netherlands |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Barends, C.d.V., J; Mojet, J & de Graaf, C, Effects of repeated exposure to either vegetables or fruits on infant's vegetable and fruit acceptance at the beginning of weaning. Food quality and preference, 29 , 157-165, 2013 |
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| Artichoke group | Other | Infants were weaned with vegetable purees for the first 18 days of weaning. One vegetable type per day. With artichoke every other day. |
|
| Apple group | Other | Infants were weaned with fruit purees for the first 18 days of weaning. One fruit type per day. With apple every other day. |
|
| Plums group | Other | Infants were weaned with fruit purees for the first 18 days of weaning. One fruit type per day. With Plums every other day. |
|