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This study will compare the infiltrative transversusabdominis plane (TAP) block with liposomal bupivacaine to epidural analgesia (EA) in major abdominal surgery . The efficacy of the TAP block for abdominal surgery is well documented in literature, but there are no studies utilizing long-acting bupivacaine. The investigators believe the study will demonstrate no difference between the two in terms of pain scores and opioid consumption, but TAP blocks will decreased costs, urinary retention, and hypotension.
This study intends to examine this rational by comparing the infiltrative transversusabdominis plane (TAP) block with liposomal bupivacaine to EA in major abdominal surgery. The efficacy of the TAP block for abdominal surgery is well documented in the literature, but there are no studies utilizing long-acting bupivacaine. The investigators believe the primary outcome will demonstrate no difference between the two in terms of pain scores and opioid consumption. The investigators anticipate that patients who have undergone TAP blocks will have improved secondary outcomes with respect to a decreased costs, urinary retention, and hypotension.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Epidural | The skin will be disinfected with 2% chlorhexidine. Under sterile technique, the epidural will be placed. Epidural catheter will be placed at thoracic vertebral levels T5 to T10. Level chosen as clinically indicated. The epidural solution should contain institution's standard solution of Bupivicaine 0.05% and hydromorphone 10 mcg/cc. However, solution type should be clinically indicated. |
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| TAP Block | The skin will be disinfected with 2% chlorhexidine. The bilateral dual TAP infiltrative blocks will be placed using high-frequency ultrasound. The TAP blocks will be performed using lipospheric bupivacaine (Exparel) with the following dosing regimen.A 266mg (20cc) vial of lipospheric bupivacaine will be equally into 2 30 ml syringes using strict sterile technique. The solution will be diluted in each syringe with 20cc preservative free sterile 0.9% normal saline to a total volume of 30 ml in each syringe. Once the transversus abdominal plane is identified then a 5-10 ml of plain 0.9% normal saline will be injected to open the fascial plane. Once the plane is opened then the 15cc of diluted lipospheric bupivacaine will be administered under direct ultrasound visualization in all 4 TAP quadrants (subcostal position x2 and lateral position x2) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epidural | Drug | The skin will be disinfected with 2% chlorhexidine. Under sterile technique, the epidural will be placed. Epidural catheter will be placed at thoracic vertebral levels T5 to T10. Level chosen as clinically indicated. The epidural solution should contain institution's standard solution of Bupivicaine 0.05% and hydromorphone 10 mcg/cc. However, solution type should be clinically indicated. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain scores | Comparison of pain scores (0 = no pain to 10 = worst pain possible) | 96 hours post-op |
| Opioid Consumption in a 24-Hour period | A comparison of opioid consumption in a 24-Hour period at 96 hours post-op between the interventions | 96 hours post-op |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Comparison of 96-hour hospital stay costs | Comparison of 96-hour hospital stay cost between the interventions | 96 hours post-op |
| Comparison of urinary failure/catheter acquired infection rates |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Adult subjects undergoing major abdominal surgery
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Thomas A Nicholas, MD | University of Nebraska | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Nebraska Medical Center | Omaha | Nebraska | 68198 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059787 | Acute Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007268 | Injections, Epidural |
| D000779 | Anesthetics, Local |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007278 | Injections, Spinal |
| D007267 | Injections |
| D004333 | Drug Administration Routes |
| D004358 | Drug Therapy |
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|
| TAP Block | Drug | The skin will be disinfected with 2% chlorhexidine. The bilateral dual TAP infiltrative blocks will be placed using high-frequency ultrasound. The TAP blocks will be performed using lipospheric bupivacaine (Exparel) with the following dosing regimen.A 266mg (20cc) vial of lipospheric bupivacaine will be equally into 2 30 ml syringes using strict sterile technique. The solution will be diluted in each syringe with 20cc preservative free sterile 0.9% normal saline to a total volume of 30 ml in each syringe. Once the transversus abdominal plane is identified then a 5-10 ml of plain 0.9% normal saline will be injected to open the fascial plane. Once the plane is opened then the 15cc of diluted lipospheric bupivacaine will be administered under direct ultrasound visualization in all 4 TAP quadrants (subcostal position x2 and lateral position x2) |
|
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Comparison of urinary failure/catheter acquired infection rates between the interventions
| 96 hours post-op |
| Comparison of hypotension rates | Comparison hypotension rates between the interventions | 96 hours post-op |
| D013812 |
| Therapeutics |
| D000777 | Anesthetics |
| D002492 | Central Nervous System Depressants |
| D045505 | Physiological Effects of Drugs |
| D020228 | Pharmacologic Actions |
| D020164 | Chemical Actions and Uses |
| D018689 | Sensory System Agents |
| D018373 | Peripheral Nervous System Agents |
| D002491 | Central Nervous System Agents |
| D045506 | Therapeutic Uses |