Primary objectives : To investigate technical feasibility and postoperative morbidity after E-NOTES for Myomectomy with Traction of Multidirectional Sutures

Secondary objectives : To investigate postoperative pain after E-NOTES for Myomectomy with Traction of Multidirectional Sutures by clinical variables such as incision size, type of port, size and number of myoma, or operation time.

• Leiomyoma is a common benign tumor of the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium.1 It can cause several symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain, or urinary symptoms according to size and location. Steadily, lesser invasive surgeries have been preferred for such benign disease (laparotomy, laparoscopy, and then single-port surgery).2,3
• However, these minimal approaches, laparoscopic morcellation of preoperatively suspicious leimyoma, have the potential risk of peritoneal seeding of postoperative diagnosed leiomyosarcoma in the pathological examination.4 Currently, safe morcellation is also required during myomectomy while using a lesser invasive surgical approach such as single-port surgery or natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery (NOTES).
• During single-port surgery or embryonic NOTES (E-NOTES) via an umbilicus, handling of myoma into different directions could be quite a big challenge. Fortunately, myoma is enough hard to pull with string and has a tendency not to rupture during manipulation of these strings.
• These concepts lead to traction of anchoring sutures during E-NOTES for myomectomy applied in the current case. Safe morcellation could be guaranteed, because direction morcellation via an umbilicus is possible in an endobag.
• This useful and safe surgical approach needs to be confirmed in multi-centers in terms of feasibility and morbidity.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women who are surgically candidate for myomectomy
• Age > 20 years

Exclusion Criteria:

• Contraindications for laparoscopic surgery and/or general anesthesia.
• Greater than five fibroids sized of 3cm or more
• Uterus extending beyond the umbilicus
• Major medical comorbidity or psychiatric illness, which could affect follow-up and/or compliance
• Patients undergoing concomitant complex surgical procedures at the time of myomectomy (such as resection of severe endometriosis etc.)
• Pregnancy
• Patients with any suggestion of malignancy in the pelvis
• Patients with cooperation of another main surgical procedures such as severe adhesiolysis or low anterior resection
• Patients who are severely anemic or who have significant medical conditions such as cardiac or pulmonary disease
• Patients who refuse to participate or give consent to the procedures

Patients with myoma which are surgically candidate at educational hospitals