The purpose of this study is to develop and refine techniques for using magnetic resonance and optical spectroscopy to investigate how your body uses energy.

Primary Study Objective:

To evaluate the reproducibility of acquiring multi-nuclear data on a new 3T Philips Magnet in conjunction with Optical Spectroscopy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or female
• Age 18 - 89
• Healthy (self assessed)
• Weight under 350lbs
• Able to walk 50 yards without stopping
• Able to travel to hospital for study visits
• Able to follow a 3-step command
• Able to remain in magnetic resonance (MR) scanner for up to 2 hours

Exclusion Criteria:

• Have internal metal medical devices, including cardiac pacemakers, aortic or cerebral aneurysm clips, artificial heart valves, ferromagnetic implants, shrapnel, wire sutures, joint replacements, bone or joint pins/rods/screws, metal fragments in your eye, or non-removable jewelry such as rings.
• Are unwilling or unable to complete the imaging procedures for the duration of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan due to claustrophobia or other reason.
• Serious mental illness that might preclude subject's ability to comply with study treatment
• Are pregnant or plan on becoming pregnant in the next 8 weeks.
• History of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE)
• Varicose Veins
• Known genetic factor (Factor V Leiden, etc.) or hypercoagulable state, including cancer, leukemia - such as chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), hemoglobinopathies - such as sickle-cell disease and multiple myeloma and other proteinopathies.
• Diagnosed peripheral arterial or vascular disease
• Family history of primary DVT or PE
• Peripheral neuropathy
• History of chronic venous stasis or lower extremity edema
• Female taking hormonal birth control (oral or otherwise) AND smoker

Healthy adult volunteers