The Effect of Propofol on Tissue Doppler Imaging of Mitral Valve Annular Velocity During Remifentanil-based Cardiac Anesthesia
The Effect of Propofol on Tissue Doppler Imaging of Mitral Valve Annular Velocity During Remifentanil-based Cardiac Anesthesia
The purpose of this study is primarily to determine the effects of propofol at different concentration on the mitral valve annulus by using Tissue Doppler Imaging
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of different concentration of propofol on patients who are undergoing cardiac surgery. The patients will receive infusion remifentanil 0.5mcg/kg/min with different target-site propofol concentration namely 1.0ng/ml, 2.0ng/ml and 3.0ng/ml. Tissue Doppler Imaging by transesophageal echocardiography will be done to assess the changes in cardiac function.
Inclusion Criteria:
patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Exclusion Criteria:
low ejection fraction < 50% on transthoracic echocardiography atrial fibrillation pacemaker pericardial and infiltrative myocardial disease mitral annular calcification, surgical rings, prosthetic mitral valve lateral left ventricular wall motion abnormality oesophageal abnormality history of extensive radiation to the mediastinum upper gastrointestinal bleeding