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This is a trial for patients affected by metastatic or relapsed osteosarcoma which progressed after first or further line treatments. In this trial, all patients will be treated until progression or unacceptable toxicity with sorafenib and everolimus. The treatment with sorafenib and everolimus aimed to obtain a 50% rate of patients free from further progression of the disease after 6 months from study entry.
Patients affected by metastatic or relapsed osteosarcoma which progressed after first or further line treatments still have a poor outcome. Standard chemotherapy has limited activity in these patients.
In a previous study in patient affected by relapsed unresectable osteosarcoma, sorafenib alone demonstrated promising activity. In the preclinical setting, everolimus was able to improve the activity of sorafenib. Sorafenib and everolimus, by hitting crucial pathways which are essential for osteosarcoma cell proliferation and survival, with an entirely different approach aimed to overcome the resistance to standard chemotherapy showed by relapsed osteosarcoma. In this trial, all patients will be treated with sorafenib and everolimus at the dosage of 800 mg and 5 mg per day, respectively. Both drugs have to be taken orally. The treatment will be continued until progression or unacceptable toxicities. The objective of the present trial is to obtain a 50% rate of patients alive and free from progression of their disease 6 months after trial enrolment. The disease will be evaluated every 2 months with a CT scan.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| sorafenib and everolimus | Experimental | This is an open label study: all patients will be treated with sorafenib 400 mg twice a day in combination with everolimus 5mg per day |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sorafenib | Drug | Sorafenib tablet 200 milligrams packed in bottle containing 140 tablets. Sorafenib will be administered orally twice daily at the same time every day. Two 200 mg tablets will be taken either one hour before or two hours after a meal followed by a glass of water in the morning and in the evening. In general, patient should have a low to moderate fat meal. Patients will receive Sorafenib until progression, toxicity, withdrawal of informed consent or clinical investigator decision |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Progression Free Survival rate at 6 months | Progression Free Survival rate at 6 months refers to the rate of patients alive and free from progression of the disease at 6 months from registration into the study. Disease will be assessed every 8 weeks up to 2 years until progression or death whichever came first. | 6 months from registration into the study |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| progression free survival | Progression Free Survival (PFS) refers to the time from registration into the study to the date of progressive disease or death whichever came first assessed every 8 weeks up to 2 years. In the absence of progression, time will be censored at the date of last tumor assessment or follow-up | From randomization until progression or death whichever came first up to 2 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Expression of MAPKs pathway, VEGFR, PDGFR, Ezrin/Moesin and mTOR pathway (pS6 expression) | Immunohistochemical evaluation of the expression of MAPKs pathway, VEGFR, PDGFR, Ezrin/Moesin and mTOR pathway (pS6 expression)on tissue samples from primary or metastatic tumors. | as soon as tissue samples are available or within 2 months from subject study entry |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Massimo Aglietta, MD | IRCC Candiolo | Principal Investigator |
| Giovanni Grignani, MD | IRCC Candiolo | Study Director |
| Piero Picci, MD | Italian Sarcoma Group | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia IRCC Candiolo | Candiolo | Torino | 10060 | Italy |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25498219 | Derived | Grignani G, Palmerini E, Ferraresi V, D'Ambrosio L, Bertulli R, Asaftei SD, Tamburini A, Pignochino Y, Sangiolo D, Marchesi E, Capozzi F, Biagini R, Gambarotti M, Fagioli F, Casali PG, Picci P, Ferrari S, Aglietta M; Italian Sarcoma Group. Sorafenib and everolimus for patients with unresectable high-grade osteosarcoma progressing after standard treatment: a non-randomised phase 2 clinical trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Jan;16(1):98-107. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71136-2. Epub 2014 Dec 11. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012516 | Osteosarcoma |
| D012509 | Sarcoma |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D018213 | Neoplasms, Bone Tissue |
| D009372 | Neoplasms, Connective Tissue |
| D018204 | Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue |
| D009370 | Neoplasms by Histologic Type |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077157 | Sorafenib |
| D000068338 | Everolimus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010671 | Phenylurea Compounds |
| D014508 | Urea |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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| Everolimus | Drug | Everolimus is formulated in tablets of 2.5 or 5 mg strength, blister-packed under aluminum foil in units of 10 tablets. Everolimus will be administered orally once daily at the same time every day immediately after a meal, as a single dose of 5 mg. Patients should have a low-fat breakfast. After this light meal, study medication of Everolimus is to be taken. The tablets of Everolimus should not be chewed or crushed. Patients will receive Everolimus until progression, toxicity, withdrawal of informed consent or clinical investigator decision |
|
|
| overall survival | Overall survival (OS) is the time interval between date of registration into study and the date of death. For alive patients, time will be censored at the date of last follow-up. | From randomization until death followed up to 5 years |
| Overall response rate | Overall response rate refers to the rate of patients with complete, partial or minimal responses (defined as shrinkage of target lesions between 10 and 30%) according to RECIST 1.1. Disease will be assessed every 8 weeks up to 2 years. | From randomization until progression or death whichever came first up to 2 years |
| Duration of response | Duration of response refers to the time from the date of the first assessement of non-progression to the date of progressive disease or death. Disease will be assessed every 8 weeks up to 2 years until progression or death whichever came first. In the absence of progression time will be censored at the date of last tumor assessment or follow-up. | calculated from date of first assessement of non-progression until progression or death whichever came first up to 2 years |
| Non-dimensional pattern of response | Non-dimensional pattern of response refers to the evaluation of any consistent variation in radio metabolic diagnostic test (i.e. PET or Bone scan) and/or changes in signal intensity, contrast uptake/enhancement and tumor density at CT/MRI according to Modified Response Criteria (MRC). From this point of view, patients will be considered in response if there has been an objective response or at least ONE of the following criteria are met:
Disease will be assessed every 8 weeks up to 2 years until progression or death whichever came first. | calculated from randomization until progression or death whichever came first up to 2 years |
| clinical benefit | Clinical Benefit will be prospectively evaluated by means of Pain and Analgesic Scale recording of analgesic consume and as lack of progression of disease at six months. | evaluated at each visit from randomizzation until progression or death whichever came first up to 2 years |
| Safety | Safety will be captured by recording: physical examinations, vital signs, performance status/body weight; blood tests and chemistry tests; intensity and severity of adverse events, use of analgesic medication at each visit until 28 days after last dose of study treatment assumption up to 2 years. Adverse events will be evaluated according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0 | assessed at each visit from randomizzation until 28 days after the last dose of study treatment assumption up to 2 years |
| Correlation between oncogenes/metabolic pathways and clinical outcome parameters | Correlation of both primary and secondary objectives with the expression of the following oncogenes/metabolic pathways: MAPKs, VEGFR, PDGFR, Ezrin/Moesin and mTOR pathway (pS6 expression) | at the time of first survival analysis performed at least 6 months after last subject registration |
| Predictive and prognostic role of serum lactate dehydrogenase and serum alkaline phosphatase | Serum samples for evaluation of levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) will be collected at each visit until progression or death whichever came first up to 2 years. | at the time of first survival analysis performed at least 6 months after last subject registration |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001555 |
| Benzene Derivatives |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009536 | Niacinamide |
| D009539 | Nicotinic Acids |
| D000147 | Acids, Heterocyclic |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D011725 | Pyridines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D020123 | Sirolimus |
| D018942 | Macrolides |
| D007783 | Lactones |