This prospective, national, multicenter, observational study will evaluate in routine clinical practice the efficacy and safety of re-treatment with Pegasys (peginterferon alfa-2a) plus ribavirin or regimens containing direct-acting antivirals in participants with chronic hepatitis C who failed previous treatment. Participants will be followed for the duration of their treatment (24, 48 or 72 weeks) and for 24 weeks of follow-up.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult participants, >/= 18 years of age

• Participants with chronic hepatitis C who have been previously treated with pegylated interferon, standard interferon, ribavirin

• No contra-indications to pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy or to the treatment regimen containing DAAs as detailed in the local label

• Treatment in line with summary of Product Characteristics/local labeling for Pegasys/ribavirin and DAAs, in particular:

  • Positive serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) ribonucleic acid (RNA)
  • Fertile males and females receiving ribavirin must use two forms of contraception during treatment with Pegasys/ribavirin and until 6 months post-treatment
  • No co-infection with hepatitis B or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Exclusion Criteria:

• History or other evidence of a medical condition associated with chronic liver disease other than chronic hepatitis C
• History of neurological disease
• History of severe psychiatric disease
• Decompensated diabetes
• History of immunologically mediated disease
• History of severe cardiac disease
• History or evidence of severe chronic pulmonary disease
• Inadequate hematologic function
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Male partners of pregnant women

Treatment-experienced participants with chronic hepatitis C receiving re-treatment with Pegasys plus ribavirin or regimens containing direct-acting antivirals (DAAs)