All patients in the intervention wards will receive the Catheter Reminder and Evaluation (CARE) intervention.

All patients in the control wards will receive usual care without the CARE intervention.

This intervention will be implemented by ward nurses and responsible physicians. The details of intervention are shown below.

1. Nurse: Every morning, a ward nurse will check if any patient has a urinary catheter or a central venous catheter in place. An order sheet will be marked with a CARE-rubber stamp and the following information will be added by hand-writing.

   • Type and duration of urinary catheter use.
   • Indication of urinary catheter _________
   • Type and duration of central venous catheter use
   • Indication of urinary catheter _________

2. Responsible physician: During a morning round, a physician needs to fill the indication of catheter use. If a given physician does not fill the indication of urinary catheter use, the catheter will be automatically removed. If a given physician does not fill the indication of central venous catheter, the CARE team will be notified.

Total duration of urinary catheter use (day)

Number of catheter-associated urinary tract infection episode