Initial Testing of the Diabeloop Algorithm in T1D Patients on Pump Therapy Over the Prandial Period and Physical Activity.

Development of the Glycemic Control Algorithm, in Prandial and Physical Effort Situations.

The main objective is to assess if the Diabeloop algorithm provides better glycemic control than a "manual" usual algorithm of patients with type 1 diabetes treated by insulin pump during meals, and during activity qualified "moderate" to "severe" by the patients.

The study will be conducted in 18 patients. The investigation centers are: CHSF (for Diabeloop algorithm test during activity), CHU of Grenoble and CHU of Toulouse (for Diabeloop algorithm test during meals.

• Grenoble and Toulouse will test the prandial algorithm with several carbohydrate intake and a primer of 50% or 75% of the total bolus. Groups of patients are described as follows:

  • Group I: patients have a meal with the usual carbohydrate intake. The meal bolus is made according to the current treatment.
  • Group II: patients have a meal with a "low" carbohydrate intake (50% reduction of carbohydrate).
  • Group III: patients have a meal with a "strong" carbohydrate intake (increase 50% of carbohydrate).
  • Group IV: patients of group IV have each meal with carbohydrate intake but their usual bolus will be omitted.
  • Inclusion visit V1: The study will be proposed at the patients who meet the inclusion criteria. After signing the consent, the investigator shall designate one group for each patient.
  • Visit V2 (24 hours before the visit V3): Installation, calibration and education of two glucose sensors dexcom G4 ™ will be performed by a nurse. The patient will keep two sensors until the end of the study (end of V4).
  • Visit V3 (algorithm test): Patient will be fitted with its insulin pump and the two sensors dexcom G4 ™. These will be coupled by the engineer LETI to the computer on which is installed the control algorithm to be tested. Lunch will be taken at 1 pm. The algorithm will provide proposals insulin every 15 minutes until 6 pm.
  • Visit V4 (patient control): Patient will be fitted with two sensors dexcom G4 ™ and its insulin pump programmed according to the usual algorithm. The meal will be taken at 1h PM. Patient can leave the site at 6 pm after removal of sensors.

• CHSF (Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien) will test the algorithm glycemic control during physical activity of moderate (50% VO2max) or high intensity (75% VO2max) for 30 minutes on a bicycle ergometer. In different situations, three patient groups will be created:

  • Group A: Patients practice an "average" physical activity(50% VO2max) with usual temporary basal reduction (usually 50% of reduction during the test and 2h next).
  • Group B: Patients practice an "intense" physical activity (75% VO2max) with usual temporary basal reduction (usually 80% of reduction during the test and 2h after).
  • Group C: patients practice an "average" physical activity (50% VO2max) but without concomitant reduction of temporary basal.
  • Inclusion visit V1 : The study will be proposed at the patients who meet the inclusion criteria. After signing the consent, the investigator shall designate one group for each patient.
  • Visit V2 : Patient will be equipped with two sensors dexcom G4 ™ and a heart rate monitor. Calibrated meal is expected at 11h 30 pm. The patient will be administered his insulin dose according to his usual algorithm. The physical test will begin three hours after the meal. It will be carried on bicycle ergometer for 30 minutes at an medium or high intensity. (Average = 50% VO2max, or high level = 75% VO2max).
  • Visit V3: The same test is repeated for each patient during this visit. Its insulin pump will be controlled by the doses proposal of the algorithm after manual validation by the investigator. These will continue until the next morning, and the patient will spend overnight in the hospital.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with type 1 diabetes treated by external insulin pump;
• Patients with HbA1c <8.5%.
• Patients aged 18 years or less;
• Patient who signed consent;
• Patient affiliated with Social Security.

For Grenoble and Toulouse Centers (Prandial algorithm test : MEAL):

• Patient is practicing functional insulin therapy is a fixed meal plan.

For CHSF center (test of algorithm during activity):

• Patient able to perform moderate or intense activity during 30 minutes.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with type 2 diabetes
• All serious diseases that could interfere with the study
• Insulin resistance and obesity (BMI> 30 kg/m2 and / or insulin requirements> 2 U / kg / day)