Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat-matching placebo tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 208.1 weeks.

Treatment comparison was made using the multiple imputation strategy by combining the results of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with baseline Hb and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as covariates and treatment and other randomization stratification factors, except baseline Hb (≤8 g/dL versus >8 g/dL) and eGFR (<30 versus ≥30 milliliters [mL]/minutes [min]/1.73 meters [m]^2), as fixed effects.

MI (Multiple Imputation) ANCOVA

Roxadustat - Placebo Treatment Difference

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat-matching placebo tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 208.1 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat-matching placebo tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 208.1 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat-matching placebo tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 208.1 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat-matching placebo tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 208.1 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat-matching placebo tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 208.1 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage will be adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 234.9 weeks.

Participants received roxadustat-matching placebo tablets orally TIW. The initial dose was according to the tiered weight-based approach, with starting roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 70 mg TIW to participants weighing <70 kg and roxadustat-matching placebo doses of 100 mg TIW to participants weighing ≥70 kg. Dose-titration (up to a maximum dose of 300 mg) was performed based upon regular measurement of Hb levels until the participant achieved central Hb value of ≥11.0 g/dL and Hb increase from BL of ≥1.0 g/dL at 2 consecutive study visits, separated by at least 5 days. Once target Hb level was reached, the participant entered the maintenance period during which roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain participant's Hb level within the target range of 10.0 g/dL and 12.0 g/dL. The maximum treatment duration was 208.1 weeks.