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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1R21DA030702-01A1 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source | |
| 1R21MH094961-01A1 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) | NIH |
| National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) | NIH |
The aim of the present study is to assess the availability of cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) in the human brain. CB1R are present in everyone's brain, regardless of whether or not someone has used cannabis. The investigators will image brain cannabinoid receptors using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging and the radioligand OMAR, in healthy individuals and several conditions including 1) cannabis use disorders, 2) psychotic disorders, 3) prodrome of psychotic illness and 4) individuals with a family history of alcoholism, 5) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 6) Opioid Use Disorder using the PET imaging agent or radiotracer, [11C]OMAR. This will allow us to characterize the number and distribution of CB1R in these conditions. It is likely that the list of conditions will be expanded after the collection of pilot data and as new data on cannabinoids receptor function and psychiatric disorders becomes available.
Those in the cannabis us disorder arm of the study will have a PET scan on at least three occasions: once while smoking as usual, once after 48-hours of abstinence from cannabis, and a final time after 4 weeks of abstinence. Additional scans may be conducted within the 4 weeks and the last scan may be conducted well beyond 4 weeks. Similarly, while most schizophrenia patients may get scanned just once, a subgroup of patients may get scanned more than once. For example to tease out the effects of medications, unmedicated patients may get scanned while unmedicated and again after treatment with antipsychotic medications. Similarly prodromes may get scanned while in the prodromal stage off medications, on medications and after conversion to schizophrenia.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schizophrenia | Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia both on medication and off medication |
| |
| Cannabis dependence | Frequent users of cannabis |
| |
| Family history of alcoholism | Healthy volunteers with a first degree relative with alcoholism |
| |
| Prodrome for psychotic illness | Not meeting full criteria for psychotic illness but exhibiting prodromal symptoms |
| |
| Healthy Volunteers | Healthy volunteers with no current or past major medical or psychiatric history |
| |
| PTSD-Post Traumatic Stress Disorder | Patients diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [11-C]OMAR | Radiation | The radiotracer, [11-C]OMAR will be administered at no more than 10 micrograms at the beginning of each PET scan. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| PET Imaging | This study will utilize the radioligand [11C]OMAR and High Resolution Research Tomography (HRRT) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to measure brain CB1 receptor availability in all study populations. Those in the cannabis dependent population of the study will have PET scanning on three occasions: once within four weeks of screening while smoking as usual, once 48-hours later after remaining abstinent, and once four weeks later after remaining abstinent. The change in receptor density at each time point will be evaluated. Those in the other populations will have PET scanning done on one occasion within four weeks of screening. | One time within 4 weeks of screening |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The study population is composed of schizophrenia, cannabis dependence, prodromal for psychotic illness, family history of alcoholism, healthy volunteers, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Opioid Use Disorder.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alex Selloni, BA | Contact | 203-974-7489 | alexandria.selloni@yale.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Deepak C D'Souza, MD | Yale University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connecticut Mental Health Center, Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit | Recruiting | New Haven | Connecticut | 06519 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26432420 | Derived | Ranganathan M, Cortes-Briones J, Radhakrishnan R, Thurnauer H, Planeta B, Skosnik P, Gao H, Labaree D, Neumeister A, Pittman B, Surti T, Huang Y, Carson RE, D'Souza DC. Reduced Brain Cannabinoid Receptor Availability in Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Jun 15;79(12):997-1005. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.021. Epub 2015 Aug 29. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012559 | Schizophrenia |
| D002189 | Marijuana Abuse |
| D009293 | Opioid-Related Disorders |
| D013313 | Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019967 | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D019966 | Substance-Related Disorders |
| D064419 | Chemically-Induced Disorders |
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At the screening visit, genomic DNA will be extracted from whole blood, assigned a code, and stored for analysis of group differences in the frequency of CB1R alleles and to examine the relationship between allelic variation at the CB1R locus and [11-C] OMAR binding. In addition, other genes or markers that may be related to brain function or to behavior may be studied.
| Opioid Use Disorder | Patients diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder |
|
| D000079524 | Narcotic-Related Disorders |
| D040921 | Stress Disorders, Traumatic |
| D000068099 | Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders |