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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| K. Dean Reeves, M.D. | UNKNOWN |
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Dysfunction of the jaw, associated with pain in the jaw or about the jaw in the face can be quite long lasting and debilitating. Dextrose injection with a small needle has been notably helpful in preliminary studies in reducing pain and improving jaw function. This randomized trial will compare dextrose injection with sterile water injection for temporomandibular(jaw) dysfunction, also known as TMD.
Longitudinal studies of subjects with temporomandibular dysfunction show a general pattern of symptom diminishment, especially in the elderly. However studies out to 2-8 years show residual symptoms in many and nearly 25% with unabated symptoms. Dextrose injection has been utilized empirically for many years and a marked reduction in pain and luxation after intra-articular and pericapsular dextrose injection has been reported in a recent RCT. However, small study size and lack of a non injection control have prevented any definitive conclusions as the additional efficacy of including dextrose in the injectate. The mechanism of action of dextrose injection was originally thought to be via a brief stimulation of the inflammatory cascade with resultant production of growth factors. However, non-inflammatory dextrose effects on growth factor production have been demonstrated, and, more recently, dextrose has been found to treat neurogenic inflammation (pain from upregulation of the TRPV1 receptor on peptidergic nerves). This has the theoretical benefit of reducing pain, regardless of the status and position of the intraarticular cartilage or degree of degenerative change of the TMD. The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the ability of dextrose injection versus saline injection to reduce pain and improve functional complaints referable to the temporomandibular joint.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dextrose 20 % Injection | Active Comparator | Injecting 20 % Dextrose and 0.2 % lidocaine intra-articularly into the TM Joint |
|
| Sterile Water Injection | Active Comparator | Injection of Sterile water in 0.2 % lidocaine intra-articularly into the TM joint |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Injection of 20% dextrose/ 0.2% lidocaine | Other | Injection at 0, 1, and 2 months of 1 ml of a solution consisting of 20% dextrose and 0.2% lidocaine. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline to 3 months in Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for Jaw Pain | TMJ injection of 20% dextrose will result in significantly more pain relief at 3 months than injection of .2% lidocaine. | 3 Months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline to 3 months in Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for Jaw Dysfunction. | TMJ injection of 20% dextrose will result in significantly more improvement in Jaw Dysfunction at 3 months. Jaw dysfunction is rated based on the worst of the following: Chewing difficulty, jaw tension or stiffness, fatigue with eating, or grinding noises | 3 Months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
more than 3 month history of :
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| W. Francois Louw, Doctor | University of British Columbia, Canada | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chisel Peak Medical Centre | Invermere | British Columbia | V0A 1K0 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21757278 | Background | Refai H, Altahhan O, Elsharkawy R. The efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy for temporomandibular joint hypermobility: a preliminary prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011 Dec;69(12):2962-70. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.02.128. Epub 2011 Jul 16. | |
| 22759069 | Background |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013705 | Temporomandibular Joint Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017271 | Craniomandibular Disorders |
| D008336 | Mandibular Diseases |
| D007571 | Jaw Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005947 | Glucose |
| D008012 | Lidocaine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006601 | Hexoses |
| D009005 | Monosaccharides |
| D000073893 | Sugars |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D000083 |
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| Injection of 1 ml of 0.8 Sterile water /0.2% lidocaine | Other | Injection at 0, 1, and 2 months of 1 ml of a solution consisting of 0.8 sterile water and 0.2% lidocaine |
|
| TMJ injection of 20% dextrose will result in sustainable improvement in Jaw Pain to 1 year follow-up. | TMJ injection of 20% dextrose will result in sustainable improvement in Jaw Pain to 1 year follow-up. | 1 year |
| Dumais R, Benoit C, Dumais A, Babin L, Bordage R, de Arcos C, Allard J, Belanger M. Effect of regenerative injection therapy on function and pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized crossover study. Pain Med. 2012 Aug;13(8):990-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01422.x. Epub 2012 Jul 3. |
| 22515800 | Background | Rabago D, Zgierska A, Fortney L, Kijowski R, Mundt M, Ryan M, Grettie J, Patterson JJ. Hypertonic dextrose injections (prolotherapy) for knee osteoarthritis: results of a single-arm uncontrolled study with 1-year follow-up. J Altern Complement Med. 2012 Apr;18(4):408-14. doi: 10.1089/acm.2011.0030. |
| 21969284 | Background | Topol GA, Podesta LA, Reeves KD, Raya MF, Fullerton BD, Yeh HW. Hyperosmolar dextrose injection for recalcitrant Osgood-Schlatter disease. Pediatrics. 2011 Nov;128(5):e1121-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-1931. Epub 2011 Oct 3. |
| 30878157 | Derived | Louw WF, Reeves KD, Lam SKH, Cheng AL, Rabago D. Treatment of Temporomandibular Dysfunction With Hypertonic Dextrose Injection (Prolotherapy): A Randomized Controlled Trial With Long-term Partial Crossover. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019 May;94(5):820-832. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.07.023. Epub 2019 Mar 14. |
| D007592 |
| Joint Diseases |
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| Acetanilides |
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 | Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |