We would like to determine if HBA® testing of sperm in couples with presumed idiopathic infertility will reveal lower binding percentages than in couples with an identifiable cause of infertility either male factor or tubal factor

We would like to determine if HBA® testing of sperm in couples with presumed idiopathic infertility will reveal lower binding percentages than in couples with an identifiable cause of infertility either male factor or tubal factor We would like to determine if patients with abnormal HBA binding have decreased IVF outcome: decreases clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, and increased miscarriage rate

Inclusion Criteria:

• . All groups will include females under 40 years of age undergoing 1st IVF cycle 3 groups

  1. Abnormal Semen Analysis (sperm count <10 million/ml and /or rapid progressive motility < 50 %, WHO morphology <30%) normal HSG , normal ovarian reserve testing and ovulation testing
  2. Unexplained infertility- normal ovarian reserve testing and ovulation testing (FSH< 10, AMH>1.0) Normal ovulatory cycles, normal WHO semen analysis. Normal tubes on HSG or Laparoscopy
  3. Tubal infertility as assessed by HSG or laparoscopy

Exclusion Criteria:

• women over 40, prior failed IVF