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The general purpose of this study is to examine the effect of tai chi training on cognitive function in young adults. The investigators will test subjects enrolled in a semester-long tai chi course along with control subjects. The specific aims are to measure duration of practice, cognitive function, physical balance, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) indicators. The investigators primary hypotheses are that, compared to controls, subjects in the tai chi course will show improvements in (1a) spatial working memory and (1b) response inhibition. The investigators secondary hypotheses are that, among the subjects participating in the tai chi course, these cognitive improvements will correlate with (2a) improvements in balance and (2b) duration of tai chi practice, and that, among all participants, (2c) ADHD indications will correlate with cognitive measures.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tai Chi Training | Experimental | Subjects will be recruited from the University of Wisconsin-Madison course, "Introduction to Martial Arts: Tai Chi". |
|
| Control | No Intervention | Subjects will be recruited from the University of Wisconsin-Madison course "Introduction to Psychology". |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tai Chi training | Behavioral | 24 form Yang style Tai Chi. 50 minute sessions, twice weekly. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in working memory | CANTAB Spatial Working Memory Task: SWM between errors | Baseline and 14 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in physical balance | One Legged Stance Test. Time standing on one leg with eyes closed. Average over left and right leg of best of three trials on each side. | Baseline and 14 weeks |
| Change in impulsivity |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Alexander K. Converse | University of Wisconsin, Madison | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center | Madison | Wisconsin | 53705 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24478679 | Result | Converse AK, Ahlers EO, Travers BG, Davidson RJ. Tai chi training reduces self-report of inattention in healthy young adults. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Jan 27;8:13. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00013. eCollection 2014. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001289 | Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019958 | Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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CANTAB Stop Signal Task: reaction time (SSRT).
| Baseline and 14 weeks |
| Change in affective processing | CANTAB Affective Go/No-Go Task: mean correct latency | Baseline and 14 weeks |
| Change in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) scale | World Health Organization adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS). Scoring of 6 item ASRS screener per Kessler et al. Psychological Medicine (2005) 35:245-256. | Baseline and 14 weeks |
| Duration of practice | Total minutes of tai chi practice including class time. | 14 weeks |