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The purpose of this study is to investigate of the differences in pelvic floor anatomy and function in women who have undergone a vacuum assisted vaginal delivery (VAVD) versus a forceps assisted vaginal delivery (FAVD) using three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Women within 1-5 years after first delivery who did not have an internal delivery will be included. The total number of subjects is forty. This will include ten primiparous subjects who have undergone vacuum delivery, ten who have undergone forceps delivery, ten who had spontaneous vaginal delivery and ten who have undergone primary elective cesarean section.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forceps assisted vaginal delivery | Forceps assisted vaginal delivery within 1-5 years without any interval delivery | ||
| Vacuum assisted vaginal delivery | Vacuum assisted vaginal delivery within 1-5 years without any interval delivery | ||
| Elective cesarean delivery | Elective cesarean vaginal delivery within 1-5 years without any interval delivery done prior to labor | ||
| Spontaneous vaginal delivery | Spontaneous vaginal delivery within 1-5 years without any interval delivery |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Levator ani injury on 3D ultrasound | Assessment of levator ani injury on trasnperineal 3D ultrasound images | 1-5 years after delivery |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Pregestational BMI <35kg40kg/m2.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Forty primiparous subjects with a history of a singleton pregnancy who have undergone a term vacuum assisted vaginal delivery, forceps assisted vaginal delivery, spontaneous vaginal delivery, or elective primary cesarean section or spontaneous vaginal delivery with 10 subjects in each group.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tulin Ozcan, MD | University of Rochester | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Rochester | Rochester | New York | 14642 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014549 | Urinary Incontinence |
| D004688 | Encopresis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014555 | Urination Disorders |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
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| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D059411 | Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms |
| D020924 | Urological Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012817 | Signs and Symptoms, Digestive |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D019960 | Elimination Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |