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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Yale University | OTHER |
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This project will examine the spread of health interventions with a randomized control trial design by introducing public health interventions in 32 villages in the Honduran Department of Lempira. Based on identified public health needs in the region, namely improved drinking water and diet, this study will provide training on the use of chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) for water purification and multivitamins for nutritional supplementation. In some villages, individuals selected for their social connectedness will be trained and given coupons that can be redeemed for either chlorine bleach or multivitamins, and these persons will be asked to spread this information and distribute coupons to four people of their choosing. In other villages, individuals selected at random will receive the same training, materials, and instructions. A second wave of coupon distribution will provide coupons to those who received a coupon from the original "seed" groups so that they may disperse these coupons further out in the social networks. Over the following months, study investigators will look at how knowledge of these health practices, and uptake or and adherence to the practices, spreads throughout the villages.
More specifically, the investigators will examine the speed and extent of spreading of these new health practices after introducing them to three different initial "seed" groups: (1) people chosen on the basis of being named as a friend by many people in their village, (2) people chosen based on being named as a friend by a randomly chosen individual, and (3) a group of randomly chosen individuals. It is hypothesized that spread will occur faster and/or to a greater extent when the intervention is started in groups 1 and 2 versus group 3 (control group).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Random-Cloro | Active Comparator | exposure to water chlorination |
|
| Random-Vitamin | Active Comparator | exposure to vitamin use |
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| Indegree-Cloro | Experimental | high in-degree, exposure to water chlorination |
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| Indegree-Vitamin | Experimental | high in-degree, exposure to vitamin use |
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| Nominated-Cloro | Experimental | nominated by random, exposure to water chlorination |
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| Nominated-Vitamin | Experimental |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| exposure to vitamin use | Behavioral | "Seed" individuals in village are given daily adult multivitamin, with training on use and general nutrition information, along with coupons to distribute to others in village |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Spread | Use of health product among community members will be tracked. | October 2012 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nicholas A Christakis, MD, PhD | Yale University | Principal Investigator |
| Thomas Keegan, PhD | Yale University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yale University | New Haven | Connecticut | 06517 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25952354 | Derived | Kim DA, Hwong AR, Stafford D, Hughes DA, O'Malley AJ, Fowler JH, Christakis NA. Social network targeting to maximise population behaviour change: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2015 Jul 11;386(9989):145-53. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60095-2. Epub 2015 May 4. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044342 | Malnutrition |
| D004403 | Dysentery |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D005759 | Gastroenteritis |
| D005767 | Gastrointestinal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012973 | Sodium Hypochlorite |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006997 | Hypochlorous Acid |
| D017606 | Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D010087 | Oxides |
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nominated by random, exposure to vitamin use
|
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| exposure to water chlorination | Behavioral | "Seed" individuals in village are given Clorox bleach for water purification, with training on use and general information on water hygiene, along with coupons to distribute to others in village |
|
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| high in-degree | Behavioral | "Seed" individuals for starting intervention are chosen on the basis of high (social network) in-degree |
|
| nominated by random | Behavioral | "Seed" individuals for starting intervention are chosen on the basis of being named as a friend/alter of a randomly selected individual |
|
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D007410 | Intestinal Diseases |
| D017601 |
| Oxygen Compounds |
| D017670 | Sodium Compounds |