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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Standard Process Inc. | INDUSTRY |
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A six-month study which investigated the effect of Ginkgo Synergy® and Choline or OPC Synergy® and Catalyn® on cognitive and immune function markers and quality of life among healthy older adults with no history of significant cognitive deficits
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ginkgo Synergy® and Choline | Experimental | Ginkgo Synergy® (120 mg/day Ginkgo biloba leaf with 80 mg/day Ginkgo biloba whole extract combined with 40 mg/day Grape Seed extract) and Choline (700 mg choline/day) |
|
| OPC Synergy® and Catalyn | Experimental | OPC Synergy® (100 mg/day of Grape Seed extract with 50 mg/day Green Tea extract (60% catechins)) and Catalyn® (1,248 IU/day of Vitamin D, 4,800 IU/day of Vitamin A, combined with vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B6) |
|
| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | cellulose pills to simulate actual products |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ginkgo Synergy® and Choline | Dietary Supplement | 3 tablets 2 times per day with breakfast and dinner over 6 months |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Measures | The measures included the MMSE, the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), the Trail Making Test Parts A and B (TMT-A, TMT-B), the Controlled Oral Word Association test (COWA), the Digit Symbol subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition (WAIS-III), and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Quality of Life Measures | Quality of Well-Being Scale (QWBS) Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF 36) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) | 6 months |
| Immune Function Markers |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| John Lewis, PhD | University of Miami | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Research Building | Miami | Florida | 33136 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24495355 | Derived | Lewis JE, Melillo AB, Tiozzo E, Chen L, Leonard S, Howell M, Diaz J, Gonzalez K, Woolger JM, Konefal J, Paterson E, Barnes D. A double-blind, randomized clinical trial of dietary supplementation on cognitive and immune functioning in healthy older adults. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Feb 4;14:43. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-43. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002794 | Choline |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004983 | Ethanolamines |
| D000605 | Amino Alcohols |
| D000438 | Alcohols |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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| OPC Synergy® and Catalyn | Dietary Supplement | 3 tablets 2 times per day with breakfast and dinner over 6 months |
|
| Placebo | Dietary Supplement |
|
interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1α, IL-1β, interferon [IFN]-γ, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, monocyte chemotactic protein [MCP]-1, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], and epidermal growth factor [EGF]
| 6 months |
| D000588 |
| Amines |
| D050337 | Trimethyl Ammonium Compounds |
| D000644 | Quaternary Ammonium Compounds |
| D009861 | Onium Compounds |