Vacuum is an instrument that is using for helping delivery when there is no possibility of spontaneous delivery. First report of using vacuum was in 1962 by Solomon for delivery of fetal head. He suggested that using this instrument will lower pressure on fetal head and decrease delivery time (and then decrease fetal hypoxemia). Also it decreases spreading of incision and vascular injury (during manual maneuvers).

Procedure/Surgery:

fetal head techniques like fundal pushing, pulling technique or reverse breech extraction

Vacuum is an instrument that is using for helping delivery when there is no possibility of spontaneous delivery. First report of using vacuum was in 1962 by Solomon for delivery of fetal head (12). He suggested that using this instrument will lower pressure on fetal head and decrease delivery time (and then decrease fetal hypoxemia). Also it decreases spreading of incision and vascular injury (during manual maneuvers). Some studies confirmed these results (13, 14) and some others disagreed it (15, 16).

Considering with importance of fetal head delivery in a short time during C/S and to decrease maternal complications like lacerations and vascular injuries, this study was designed to compare the results of delivery by vacuum in C/S with routine methods for head extraction during difficult caesarean sections.

In study was done by Arad et al in 1986, duration between incision and end of delivery was significantly lower in vacuum group that (PMID: 3735047). Also in study of Dimitrov et al was done prospectively on 19 caesarean with vacuum and 25 caesarean without it, similar results has been reported (PMID: 18756824).

Mcquinery et al in 2009 in their study concluded that vacuum have less fetal complications (Mc Quivey RW, Laporte V. Vacuum- Assisted Cesarean Section. International Journal of OB/GYN. 2009; S413-S729.). Wen et al in their study concluded that forceps causes more injuries to head and face while cephal hematoma was higher in using vacuum(PMID: 11159152).

In wei study maternal complication like spreading of uterine incision and cervical rupture was lower in control group (PMID: 11159152). Pelosi et al also concluded that vacuum can lower maternal complications (PMID: 6716375). Mcquinvey et al in 2009 in their study found six patients with spreading incision and 1 case of cervical rupture in routine cesarean section but there was no case of these complications in vacuum group. Of course Bofill et al did not find any different between their groups in this context (PMID: 11110345).