Focal MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound Treatment of Localized Intermediate Risk Prostate Lesions

Focal MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound Treatment of Localized Intermediate Risk Prostate Lesions

The hypothesis of this study is that focal treatment with ExAblate MRgFUS has the potential to be an effective non-invasive treatment for intermediate risk, organ-confined prostate lesions, with a low incidence of morbidity. The study hypothesis will be tested by measuring treatment-related safety and initial effectiveness parameters in the ExAblate MRgFUS treated patients, as described above.

Objective of this pivotal trial is to assess safety and initial effectiveness of ExAblate MRgFUS in the treatment of intermediate risk, localized (organ confined) prostate lesions.

ExAblate treatment will be implemented as a focal lesion-selective therapy, directed at pre-defined volume(s)/sector(s) in the prostate, identified by mapping biopsy and multi-parametric MRI, rather than a whole gland or hemi-ablation treatment.

Safety: evaluate incidence and severity of adverse events associated with ExAblate's MRgFUS focal treatment of intermediate risk organ confined prostate lesions. The risk of ExAblate treatment-related incontinence and impotence will also be assessed in this study.

Effectiveness: determine the lesion control effect of ExAblate's MRgFUS focal treatment of intermediate risk organ-confined prostate lesions (confirmed by IMAGE-guided mapping biopsy results).

Inclusion Criteria

• Biopsy proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate (using a IMAGE-guided 14+ core mapping biopsy), and targeted cores as needed obtained up to 6 months prior to scheduled treatment
• Patient with intermediate risk, early-stage organ-confined prostate cancer (T1a up to T2b, N0, M0) and voluntarily chooses ExAblate thermal ablation as the non-invasive treatment, who may currently be on watchful waiting or active surveillance and not in need of imminent radical therapy.
• Patient with PSA less than or equal to 20 ng/mL
• Gleason score 7 (4 + 3 or 3 + 4), based on mapping prostate biopsy, with no more than 15mm cancer in maximal linear dimension in any single core
• Single hemilateral index Gleason 7 lesion, identified in the prostate based on biopsy mapping with supporting MRI; may have secondary Gleason 6 lesion on ipsilateral or contralateral side confirmed with biopsy and/or MRI

Exclusion Criteria

• Contraindications to MRI
• History of orchiectomy, PCa-specific chemotherapy, brachytherapy, cryotherapy, Photodynamic therapy or radical prostatectomy for treatment of prostate cancer; any prior radiation therapy to the pelvis for prostate cancer or any other malignancy
• Patient under medications that can affect PSA for the last 3 months prior to MRgFUS treatment (Androgen Deprivation Treatment; alpha reductase inhibitors)
• Individuals who are not able or willing to tolerate the required prolonged stationary supine position during treatment (approximately 3 hrs. sonication time)
• Any rectal pathology, anomaly or previous treatment, which could change acoustic properties of rectal wall or prevent safe probe insertion (e.g., stenosis, fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, etc.)
• Evidence of distant prostate cancer, i.e., including lymph nodes and/or metastasis of cancer on imaging
• Bladder cancer
• Urethral stricture/bladder neck contracture
• Prostatitis NIH categories I, II and III
• Implant near (<1 cm) the prostate