The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and biocompatibility of the Nipro Elisio 210H dialyzer between two dialysis modalities, conventional hemodialysis and on line hemodiafiltration.

Hemodiafiltration, a convective-based therapy combining both diffusive and convective transports appears as the treatment modality of choice for hemodialysis patients. Indeed, this innovative technique offers an effective dialysis modality removing spectrum of uremic solutes with an optimized biocompatibility of the extracorporeal circuit obtained with use of ultrapure dialysis and sterile substitution fluids. However, such therapy can not be proposed in all dialysis centers due to major drawbacks of this technique over conventional hemodialysis, the complexity of the system and its increased costs. Alternatively, enhancement of convective transport may now be achieved by use of innovative dialyzers allowing more internal filtration. This is the case of ELISIO™-H dialyzers which possess fibers of a greater internal length which potentially allow more internal filtration. Aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate efficacy and biocompatibility of internal filtration-enhanced hemodialysis using this dialyzer compared to hemodiafiltration, over a four-month period.

Inclusion Criteria:

• CKD dialysis patients on treatment with three times a week HD for more than three months
• with a stable anticoagulation scheme
• with haemoglobin level >10.5 g/dL
• with vascular access allowing a stable blood flow of 300 mL/min during treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

• patient already enrolled in another study
• pregnancy
• symptoms or signs of acute/chronic inflammatory or infectious diseases