The aim of the study was to assess whether the behavior, anxiety, and pain of pediatric patients during dental treatment improves when a cartoon film is viewed or a videogame is played as methods of distraction.

Each patient required a minimum of 2 visits for restorative treatment in a mandibular quadrant and had undergone a previous restorative dental experience. All parents or guardians of the children who participated in the study were informed about the study before enrolment, and gave their voluntary consent. Each visit lasted approximately 35 minutes and involved restorative treatment in a mandibular quadrant with an alveolar nerve block. The parents were not present in the operating room during the treatment. The maximum time between the 2 treatment sessions was 2 weeks. Before the start of each treatment session, as a part of the standard process of a paediatric dental visit, the child was given an explanation as to what the visit would comprise, with the aim of interrupting the treatment as little as possible. The children knew at the beginning of the first appointment (control) that they would be able to watch a movie or play a videogame during their next visit.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged 4-9 years.
• Patients who required a minimum of 2 visits for restorative treatment.
• Patients who had previously shown disruptive behavior (Frankl Behavior Rating Scale 1 or 2) during dental restorative treatment or pulp therapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with reduced audiovisual capabilities.
• Patients with psychological disorders.