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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been seen as the predominant way of treating disease in China over three thousand years. Certain TCM have scientifically proved to have anti-bacterial property. Patients having orthodontic treatment have higher risks of caries and gum diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of TCM Mouthrinses in addition to toothbrushing and flossing has an added benefit for orthodontic patients in maintaining proper oral health.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) mouthrinse on gingival health and microbial profiles in orthodontic patients. This six-month randomized, single-blinded, parallel controlled clinical trial consists of 90 patients with fixed appliance treatment. The subjects were allocated to (1) negative-control group: oral hygiene instruction (OHI) alone; (2) positive-control group: OHI plus an EO mouthrinse (Listerine®)(3) test group: OHI plus the TCM mouthrinse (5% Fructus mume extract). Clinical examinations included Plaque Index (PI), Bleeding Index (BI) and Modified Gingival Index (MGI). Salivary microbial quantifications included total aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, Streptococci and Lactobacilli counts. Clinical and microbiological examinations were conducted at baseline, 3 and 6 months (T1, T2 and T3).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Listerine | Active Comparator | essential oil mouthrinse |
|
| Negative control | No Intervention | without intervention | |
| Chinese medicine mouthrinse | Experimental | 5% Fructus Mume extract and 2% sodium bicarbonate |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Listerine mouthrinse | Drug | For six months |
|
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Gingival index | Modified gingival index | 6 months |
| Plaque index | plaque index | 6 months |
| gingival bleeding index | gingival bleeding index | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Salivary cytokines | Salivary inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and MIF) levels were detected by ELISA assay. | 6 months |
| Adverse Events | the number of participants with side effects or adverse events were recorded throughout the whole study time. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ricky Wong, PhD | Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Dentistry, HKU | Hong Kong | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005891 | Gingivitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007239 | Infections |
| D005882 | Gingival Diseases |
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
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| Chinese Medicine mouthrinse | Drug | six months |
|
|
| 6 months |
| Salivary bacteria counts | Salivary microbial quantifications included total aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, streptococci and lactobacilli counts. | 6 months |
| D009057 |
| Stomatognathic Diseases |