Tolvaptan administration

1) Alleviation of the signs of body fluid retention by the 7th day of treatment with tolvaptan (or the day of discontinuation of the drug in cases where tolvaptan treatment has been discontinued before the 7th day) as compared with the observations made on the day before the start of treatment 2) Change of body weight by the 7th day of treatment with tolvaptan as compared with the level measured on the day before the start of treatment 3) Changes in the daily urinary volume by the 7th day of treatment with tolvaptan as compared with the values measured on the day before the start of treatment

1) Time from enrollment to cardiovascular events within 1 year after administration of tolvaptan 2) Time from enrollment to re-hospitalization for aggravation of heart failure within 1 year after administration of tolvaptan 3) Time from enrollment to all-cause death within 1 year after administration of tolvaptan

Cardiovascular events included death from heart failure, death from acute coronary syndrome, death from stroke, sudden death, death of unknown causes, death from other cardiovascular causes, readmission for heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome, and stroke.

Exploratory analysis will be performed to determine which factors relate with the efficacy of tolvaptan therapy or long-term outcome. Factors will include age, gender, medical past history, medication, NYHA classification, Nohria/Steavenson classification, laboratory data (Na, K, Cl, Albumin, Cr, BUN, AST, ALT, gamma-GTP, LDH, T-Bil, BNP, NT-pro BNP, copeptin, galectin-3,aldosteron,angiotensin II, renin, noradrenaline), heart rate, blood pressure, echocardiography data, intake/urine volume and osmolality.