Because the diabetics are fracturing at a younger age than the general population (12), this leads us to believe there are significant factors that lead to fracture in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) other than bone mineral density (BMD). Very little longitudinal data exists on BMD in adults with Type 1 DM and the effects of glucose control on BMD. No longitudinal data exists on pQCT in adults with Type 1 DM.

Hypothesis: Adult subjects with diabetes and poor glucose control will lose bone mineral density (BMD) as measured by DXA compared to age and sex matched healthy controls.

Because the diabetics are fracturing at a younger age than the general population(12), this leads us to believe there are significant factors that lead to fracture in Type 1 DM other than BMD. Very little longitudinal data exists on BMD in adults with Type 1 DM and the effects of glucose control on BMD. No longitudinal data exists on pQCT in adults with Type 1 DM.

Hypothesis: Adult subjects with diabetes and poor glucose control will lose bone mineral density (BMD) as measured by DXA compared to age and sex matched healthy controls.

Inclusion Criteria:

• diabetic patients must have completed Visit 1 of the previous study.

Subjects who have Type 1 DM and their age and sex matched control and have been enrolled in a study of Type 1 DM and bone and had a baseline DXA and pQCT during the last 4 years. Persons that completed visit 1 for the previous study and had a DXA and pQCT done will be invited back for repeat DXA and pQCT measurement. If a diabetic patient does not have an age and sex matched control or their control does not want to be in the longitudinal study a new age and sex matched control will be recruited.