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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| German Federal Ministry of Education and Research | OTHER_GOV |
| Charite University, Berlin, Germany | OTHER |
| Ernst von Bergmann Hospital | OTHER |
| University Hospital Tuebingen |
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This is an intervention study in healthy adult twins with the aim to investigate the genetic determination of metabolic responses towards an isocaloric high carbohydrate, low fat diet versus an isocaloric low carbohydrate, high fat diet.
The impact of carbohydrates, proteins and fatty acids as major components of daily nutrition on the development of metabolic illnesses is an objective of numerous clinical studies. However, the effect of an isocaloric diet on metabolism is less investigated and not well understood. This study aims to reveal genetic determinated metabolic responses to an isocaloric high carbohydrate, low fat diet versus an isocaloric low carbohydrate, high fat diet in healthy twins. This study generates information for further detailed nutrigenomic analysis. Twins receive an isocaloric diet rich in carbohydrates (55% carbohydrates, 15% protein, 30% fat) with dietary counselling for 5 weeks and afterwards with nutrients supplied for 6 days, followed by an isocaloric diet rich in saturated fat (40% carbohydrates, 15% protein, 45% fat) for 6 days with nutrients supplied and for 4 weeks with dietary counselling and again followed by another 6 days when nutrients were supplied. Anthropometry, blood tests and energy expenditure are performed after the period of diet rich in carbohydrates (Carb), after the first 6 days (HFshort) and at the end of the period of diet rich in fat (HFlong).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diet interventions | Experimental | Sequential dietary intervention |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isocaloric high carbohydrate diet intervention | Other | Time of 6 week, the last 6 days are standardized |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Genetic variance of change in insulin secretion and sensitivity after sequential diets | change in insulin secretion and sensitivity measured with an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) | 6,7,12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Variance of insulin sensitivity after the sequential diets | change in insulin sensitivity measured with a meal tolerance test (MTT) allowing for the response of the intestinal hormones | 6, 7, 12 weeks |
| Expression of inflammatory markers in blood and fat tissue |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Andreas FH Pfeiffer, Prof | German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| German Institute of Human Nutrition | Potsdam-Rehbruecke | Nuthetal | 14558 | Germany |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29506909 | Derived | Schuler R, Seebeck N, Osterhoff MA, Witte V, Floel A, Busjahn A, Jais A, Bruning JC, Frahnow T, Kabisch S, Pivovarova O, Hornemann S, Kruse M, Pfeiffer AFH. VEGF and GLUT1 are highly heritable, inversely correlated and affected by dietary fat intake: Consequences for cognitive function in humans. Mol Metab. 2018 May;11:129-136. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.02.004. Epub 2018 Feb 12. | |
| 28096099 |
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| OTHER |
| University of Southern California | OTHER |
| Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich | OTHER |
| Heidelberg University | OTHER |
| HealthTwist GmbH, Berlin, Germany | UNKNOWN |
| Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics | OTHER |
| Helmholtz Center Munich | UNKNOWN |
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| Isocaloric high fat diet intervention | Other | Time of 6 weeks; the first and the last 6 days are standardized |
|
Measurement of gene expression of inflammation cytokines and clock genes |
| 6,7,12 weeks |
| Development of indices for the prediction of fat mass | Change of fat fraction in liver, abdominal and in the total body fat measuring by MRI/H1-spectroscopy, DEXA | 6,7,12 weeks |
| Changes in vessel wall thickness of the carotid artery | Vascular ultrasound | 6,7,12 weeks |
| Measurement of activity | each over 6 days measurement: activity protocol, pedometer and activity clock | in the 6th, 7th, 12th week |
| Detection of the gastric emptying time | 6,7,12 weeks |
| Assessment of cognitive performance | 0,5,11 weeks |
| Nutritional and genetic influence on the circadian rhythm | measurement of hormones in saliva and urine and of circadian gene expression in monocytes and PBMCs | 6, 7, 12 weeks |
| Epigenetic modification of DNA | Change in adipose tissue DNA methylation pattern | 6,7,12 weeks |
| Biometric data | Nutritional impact of the blood pressure, weight, body mass index, waist-hip ratio | 6,7,12 weeks |
| Derived |
| Schuler R, Osterhoff MA, Frahnow T, Seltmann AC, Busjahn A, Kabisch S, Xu L, Mosig AS, Spranger J, Mohlig M, Hornemann S, Kruse M, Pfeiffer AF. High-Saturated-Fat Diet Increases Circulating Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme, Which Is Enhanced by the rs4343 Polymorphism Defining Persons at Risk of Nutrient-Dependent Increases of Blood Pressure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Jan 17;6(1):e004465. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004465. |
| 25822100 | Derived | Pivovarova O, Jurchott K, Rudovich N, Hornemann S, Ye L, Mockel S, Murahovschi V, Kessler K, Seltmann AC, Maser-Gluth C, Mazuch J, Kruse M, Busjahn A, Kramer A, Pfeiffer AF. Changes of Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate Content Alter Central and Peripheral Clock in Humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jun;100(6):2291-302. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-3868. Epub 2015 Mar 30. |