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The purpose of this current prospective study is to assess the effects of a Therapeutic Riding exercise program conducted in patients suffering from neuromuscular disease. The exercise intervention aims at improving gross motor function, gross motor performance, balance, spasticity, posture and quality of life. Patients were randomized according to age, sex, mental ability and gross motor function. Furthermore, patients will be subdivided into categories of central nervous system (brain/ spinal cord) and peripheral (peripheral nerve or muscle) diseases. The exercise program duration will be 12 weeks, once a week with 30-40 minutes sessions. Six measurements will be conducted: the Gross Motor Function Measure, the Gross Motor Performance Measure, the Quality of life Questionnaire for Children, the Pediatric Balance Scale, the dynamic plate in combination with x-ray for posture control, the Modified Ashworth Scale for spasticity and the Wisc 3 for mental ability. The results will be collected and evaluated using the statistical programme SPSS.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Therapeutic Riding/ Hippotherapy | Experimental | 12 week Therapeutic Riding program that focused on gross motor function, gross motor performance, balance, spasticity, posture and quality of life |
|
| without Therapeutic Riding/ Hippotherapy | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Therapeutic Riding/ Hippotherapy Intervention | Other | The Therapeutic Riding exercise intervention consisted exercises for warm up,transitions on the horseback, stretching exercises and exercises to strengthen muscles of trunk and four limps, games with balls and rings and walking of the horse to change directions as diagonal / lateral changes, cycles with open and closed eyes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in posture control at different time points | posture control measured by the dynamic plate in combination with x-ray. | Measures will be done: 1 two months before treatment, 2 one month before treatment, 3 one day before start of treatment, 4 six weeks after the start of treatment, 5 twelve weeks, the end of treatment 6 two months after the end of treatment. |
| Change from baseline in balance at different time points | Balance measured by the Pediatric Balance Scale | Measures will be done: 1 two months before treatment, 2 one month before treatment, 3 one day before start of treatment, 4 six weeks after the start of treatment, 5 twelve weeks, the end of treatment 6 two months after the end of treatment. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Improvement in Gross Motor Function | Gross Motor Function measured by the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) | Measures will be done: 1 two months before treatment, 2 one month before treatment, 3 just before treatment, 4 six weeks after the start of treatment, 5 twelve weeks, the end of treatment 6 two months after the end of treatment. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Avraam Ploumis | University Hospital, Ioannina | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Hospital of Ioannina | Ioannina | Greece |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009468 | Neuromuscular Diseases |
| D002547 | Cerebral Palsy |
| D001930 | Brain Injuries |
| D013119 | Spinal Cord Injuries |
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D001925 | Brain Damage, Chronic |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D056147 | Equine-Assisted Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D056447 | Animal Assisted Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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| Improvement in Gross Motor Performance |
Gross Motor Performance measured by the Gross Motor Performance Measure (GMPM) |
| Measures will be done: 1 two months before treatment, 2 one month before treatment, 3 just before treatment, 4 six weeks after the start of treatment, 5 twelve weeks, the end of treatment 6 two months after the end of treatment. |
| Decrease of spasticity | Spastisity measured by the Modified Ashworth Scale | Measures will be done: 1 two months before treatment, 2 one month before treatment, 3 just before treatment, 4 six weeks after the start of treatment, 5 twelve weeks, the end of treatment 6 two months after the end of treatment. |
| Improvement in Quality of life | Quality of life measured by the Quality of life Questionnaire for Children | Measures will be done: 1 two months before treatment, 2 one month before treatment, 3 just before treatment, 4 six weeks after the start of treatment, 5 twelve weeks, the end of treatment 6 two months after the end of treatment. |
| D006259 | Craniocerebral Trauma |
| D020196 | Trauma, Nervous System |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D013118 | Spinal Cord Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |