Evaluation of Extended Intravenous of Beta-lactams in the Treatment of Serious Gram-negative Infections in Critically Ill Patients

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the PK/PD parameters, safety and efficacy of extended infusion of beta-lactams in intensive care patients who are infected with Gram-negative bacteremia or pneumonia at National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients (> 18 years)
• Admitted on the intensive care unit
• Starting a treatment with beta-lactams antibiotics
• Signed informed consent
• Expected to live > 3 days

Exclusion Criteria:

• renal insufficiency (estimated clearance < 20 ML /MIN)
• renal replacement therapy
• ANC < 1000 103 µl
• pregnancy
• drug abuse