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The purpose of this study is to test if an early appointment (within 10 days) when compared to a standard appointment (5 weeks) will affect attendance at the Cardiac Rehabilitation orientation and subsequent enrollment into cardiac rehabilitation.
Cardiac Rehabilitation is central to full recovery after a myocardial infarction or a cardiac stenting procedure. Yet, this therapy is underutilized across the nation. Henry Ford currently enrolls about 42% of eligible patients. In addition, it currently takes, on average, 42 +/-26 days from hospital discharge to enrollment in rehabilitation. During this delay, there is strong tendency to return to prior habits (sedentary lifestyle, smoking, poor nutrition, etc.) that led to the myocardial infarction in the first place. This delay is both 1) unnecessary and 2) probably harmful to the patients' readiness to make changes.
The investigators seek to perform a randomized controlled trial of early (7-10 days) vs standard referral (5-6 weeks) to cardiac rehabilitation. In addition, the investigators will examine the patients' readiness to change through the first 3 months of the post-hospitalization period and correlate that to their behavior and enrollment in cardiac rehabilitation. Assessment of readiness to change will be accomplished by serial survey's, which will be administered at discharge, 2 weeks, 5 weeks, and 13 weeks after discharge.
Patients will consent to take the survey and be observed in a clinical study. However, in order to avoid the Hawthorne Effect, patients they will not initially be aware of the primary hypothesis, as the investigators strongly believe this will affect the main behavior they are trying to measure. Full patient disclosure will occur at the end of the trial.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early Appointment | Experimental | Patients will receive an early appointment (within 10 days) from the time of their anticipated hospital discharge |
|
| Standard Referral | Placebo Comparator | Patients will receive an appointment to cardiac rehabilitation at 5 weeks from the date of their anticipated hospital discharge. A routine referral to cardiac rehabilitation will also occur in parallel. Consequently, it is possible that some patients will attend cardiac rehabilitation earlier than their assigned 5 week appointment. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early appointment (within 10 days) | Behavioral | Patients will receive an appointment to cardiac rehabilitation within 10 days from anticipated hospital discharge. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Attendance at the free orientation session for Cardiac Rehabilitation | within 5 weeks of randomized apointment date |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Completion of at least one exercise session in Cardiac Rehabilitation | within 1 month of orientation date | |
| Total number of cardiac rehabilitation exercise sessions attended | within 6 months of actual orientation date |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Quinn R Pack, MD | Henry Ford Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Steven J Keteyian, PhD | Henry Ford Hospital | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Ford Hospital | Detroit | Michigan | 48202 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22082676 | Background | Balady GJ, Ades PA, Bittner VA, Franklin BA, Gordon NF, Thomas RJ, Tomaselli GF, Yancy CW; American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee. Referral, enrollment, and delivery of cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention programs at clinical centers and beyond: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2011 Dec 20;124(25):2951-60. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823b21e2. Epub 2011 Nov 14. No abstract available. | |
| 21826016 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009203 | Myocardial Infarction |
| D060050 | Angina, Stable |
| D003324 | Coronary Artery Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017202 | Myocardial Ischemia |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
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| Routine referral (at 5 weeks) | Other | Standard Referral to Cardiac Rehabilitation |
|
| Completion of the cardiac rehabilitation program | Completion is defined at attending the number of sessions agreed to at the onset of cardiac rehabilitation (e.g. agreeing to 3 session and attending 3) or attending 12 or more sessions. | within 6 months |
| Change in exercise capacity from the beginning to end of cardiac rehabilitation | exercise capacity will be calculated from treadmill workloads using standardized formulas published in the 8th edition of ACSM's Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription | within 6 months |
| Readiness to make positive behavior changes | Based on a 10 question survey, each patient will have a summary score to collapse across these questions. This summary score will be compared at 0, 5, and 13 weeks. | within 3 months |
| Background |
| Russell KL, Holloway TM, Brum M, Caruso V, Chessex C, Grace SL. Cardiac rehabilitation wait times: effect on enrollment. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2011 Nov-Dec;31(6):373-7. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0b013e318228a32f. |
| 23250992 | Derived | Pack QR, Mansour M, Barboza JS, Hibner BA, Mahan MG, Ehrman JK, Vanzant MA, Schairer JR, Keteyian SJ. An early appointment to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation at hospital discharge improves attendance at orientation: a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial. Circulation. 2013 Jan 22;127(3):349-55. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.121996. Epub 2012 Dec 18. |
| D007238 |
| Infarction |
| D007511 | Ischemia |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D009336 | Necrosis |
| D000787 | Angina Pectoris |
| D002637 | Chest Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D003327 | Coronary Disease |
| D001161 | Arteriosclerosis |
| D001157 | Arterial Occlusive Diseases |