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Differences in pain perception between subjects with and without psychiatric illness may be influenced by the individual experience, and not primarily by the pathology, although the pathological frame may amplify it.The aim of this study is to establish if the characteristics of experimental pain feeling are influenced by the past pain experience, anxiety and emotion, independently from the diagnosis. The pain experience will be evaluated by an inventory of the potentially painful situations that one can come across through the life, to determine the following points : Number of painful events in the past, number of painful points during the last 6 months, number of painful events lasting more than 6 months, sum of pain intensities (graduated with Visual Analogic Scale VAS from 0 to 10), sum of gravity (evaluated from 0 to 5), the category of pain experience qualification (mostly affective, mostly sensorial, or both).
Schizophrenic, depressed and control participants will be recruited, and their pain experience throughout life will be put it in relation to experimental pain tests results (pressure application, ischemia induction), anxiety and emotion (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale HAD), catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale PCS), Heart Rate (HR) variation, Blood Pressure (BP) variation.
The perception of moderated experimental pain (about 3 out of ten with visual analogue scale VAS) in subjects with schizophrenia (Girard et coll., 2011), major depression (ED) (bipolar or isolated/recurrent episode) (to be published) in comparison with controls without psychiatric pathologies show that exploration of pain in situation like medical examination to identify painful points should be done in the same conditions for persons with psychiatric troubles and persons without mental disease. But the risk is that the expression of pain, either in experimental conditions nor in the daily life, is not in relation with the feeling or perception of pain. Numerous factors may interfere in the pain message modulation, like the past pain experience, stress and anxiety, which are not or partially explored in experimental studies. The individual experience of pain is constructed throughout the whole life, from several influences (biological, psychological, and sociocultural). The symptoms interfaces of the different psychiatric troubles seem to be widely involved in the pain process, and its progressive construction. This study aims to better understand the relationships between all those variables.
Procedures applied :
Anterior pain experience evaluation (questionnaire); Pain tests : 160 kPa pressure application to determine corresponding pain with VAS), and ischemia induction to determine the time necessary to obtain a pain equivalent to 3 out of 10; anxiety and emotional evaluation (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale), catastrophizing evaluation (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), HR variation and BP variation (vegetative measures linked to anxiety) collection of diagnosis, and therapeutic treatment
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| schizophrenia SC | subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (SC) according to the DSM-IV-TR, submitted to experimental pain tests |
| |
| major depression MD | subjects with a diagnosis of major depression (MD) according to the DSM-IV-TR, submitted to experimental pain tests |
| |
| controls C | subjects without any diagnosis of psychiatric disorder (C) submitted to experimental pain tests |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| experimental pain tests | Other |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale Evaluation for the Pre-fixed Pressure Test | pain tests will be realized during the first week of hospitalization for the persons hospitalized for major depression, and during the period of hospitalization (after stabilization) for the persons presenting schizophrenia. The controls are tested within one month of the study information. total range : 0 - 10. The intensity of pain increases with the value of VAS. 10 corresponds to an unbearable pain. | one month |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Subjects hospitalized in the Esquirol Hospital center with schizophrenia or major depression according to the DSM-IV-TR criteria.
Subjects without without known psychiatric history. Recruited persons will be matched according to age classes.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Dominique Malauzat, MD | Centre Hospitalier Esquirol | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centre Hospitalier Esquirol | Limoges | 87025 | France |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21593663 | Background | Girard M, Plansont B, Bonnabau H, Malauzat D. Experimental pain hypersensitivity in schizophrenic patients. Clin J Pain. 2011 Nov-Dec;27(9):790-5. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e31821d904c. |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Group of Subjects Presenting Schizophrenia SC | subjects presenting a schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV-TR and submitted to experimental pain tests |
| FG001 | Group of Subjects Presenting Major Depression MD | subjects presenting a major depression according to the DSM-IV-TR and submitted to experimental pain tests |
| FG002 | Group of Subjects Without Psychiatric Troubles C | subjects without any psychiatric disorder and submitted to experimental pain tests |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Group of Subjects With Schizophrenia SC | subjects presenting a schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV-TR and submitted to experimental pain tests |
| BG001 | Group of Subjects Presenting Major Depression MD |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Visual Analog Scale Evaluation for the Pre-fixed Pressure Test | pain tests will be realized during the first week of hospitalization for the persons hospitalized for major depression, and during the period of hospitalization (after stabilization) for the persons presenting schizophrenia. The controls are tested within one month of the study information. total range : 0 - 10. The intensity of pain increases with the value of VAS. 10 corresponds to an unbearable pain. | analysis per arm group | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale | one month |
|
1 month
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Group of Subjects With Schizophrenia SC | subjects presenting a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the DSM IV TR and submitted to experimental pain tests |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr Murielle Girard | Centre Hospitalier Esquirol | 0033555431028 | murielle.girard@ch-esquirol-limoges.fr |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012559 | Schizophrenia |
| D003865 | Depressive Disorder, Major |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019967 | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D003866 | Depressive Disorder |
| D019964 | Mood Disorders |
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subjects presenting a major depression according to the DSM-IV-TR and submitted to experimental pain tests
| BG002 | Group of Controls Without Psychiatric Disorder | subjects without any psychiatric disorder and submitted to experimental pain tests |
| BG003 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
subjects presenting a major depression according to the DSM-IV-TR and submitted to experimental pain tests |
| OG002 | Group of Subjects Without Psychiatric Troubles C | control subjects without any psychiatric disorder |
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 30 |
| 0 |
| 30 |
| 0 |
| 30 |
| EG001 | Group of Subjects Presenting Major Depression MD | subjects presenting a diagnosis of major depression according to the DSM IV TR and submitted to experimental pain tests | 0 | 32 | 0 | 32 | 0 | 32 |
| EG002 | Group of Controls Without Psychiatric Disorder | control subjects without any psychiatric disorder and submitted to experimental pain tests | 0 | 30 | 0 | 30 | 0 | 30 |
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| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |