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The main interest in this study is to investigate if it is possible to use strategies from Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to increase effectiveness of ordinary Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for patients with anxiety disorders. For the patients included in this study, previous exposure-based treatment should have been unsuccessful (drop-out, relapse or lack of positive results after treatment).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| DBT-inspired exposure treatment | Experimental | DBT-inspired exposure treatment. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DBT-inspired anxiety treatment | Behavioral | In short, the treatment is 24 sessions consisting of skills-training strategies and exposure strategies. The idea is that the patient during the treatment will learn and practice the skills needed to handle exposures. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in anxiety (Clark, D. M., Ehlers, A., McManus, F., Hackmann, A., Fennell, M., Campbell, H., Flower, T., Davenport, C., Louis, B., 2003). | A modified 6-item questionnaire measuring changes in different aspects of anxiety during the day. Originally developed to measure social anxiety. | Every day during baseline phase, an expected average of 3 weeks. Everyday during treatment, an expected duration of 24 weeks. Everyday during 6 mo. follow-up, an expected average of 3 weeks. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Positive Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), (Watson, Clark & Tellegan, 1988). | A 20-item questionnaire measuring positive and negative affect during the past week. The questionnaire is used to evaluate changes in positive and negative affect. | Once a week during baseline phase, an expected average of 3 weeks. Once a week during treatment, an expected duration of 24 weeks. Once a week during 6 mo. follow-up, an expected average of 3 weeks. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychiatric Clinic | Hallsberg | Örebro County | 694 36 | Sweden |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000080103 | Emotional Regulation |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000068356 | Self-Control |
| D012919 | Social Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS), (Barlow, 2011). | A 5-item questionnaire measuring different aspects of anxiety during the past week. The questionnaire is used to evaluate changes in anxiety symtoms. | Once a week during baseline phase, an expected average of 3 weeks. Once a week during treatment, an expected duration of 24 weeks. Once a week during 6 mo. follow-up, an expected average of 3 weeks. |
| Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS), (Barlow, 2011). | A 5-item questionnaire measuring different aspects of depression during the past week. The questionnaire is used to evaluate changes in depressive symtoms. | Once a week during baseline phase, an expected average of 3 weeks. Once a week during treatment, an expected duration of 24 weeks. Once a week during 6 mo. follow-up, an expected average of 3 weeks. |
| Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), (Gratz & Roemer, 2004). | A 36-item self-report instrument that measure changes in difficulties in emotion regulation. | Five times total. Pre baseline, post baseline/post treatment, after 14 weeks of treatment, post treatment and at 6 mo. follow-up. |
| Five Fazet Mindfulness Questionnaire (Baer, Smith, Hopkins, Krietemeyer, & Toney, 2006). | A 39-item questionnaire measuring changes in different aspects of mindfulness. | Five times total. Pre baseline, post baseline/post treatment, after 14 weeks of treatment, post treatment and at 6 mo. follow-up. |
| WHOQOL-BREF (Skevington, Lofty, O´Connel & WHOQOL Group, 2004). | A 26-item self-report instrument that measure changes in quality of life. | Five times total. Pre baseline, post baseline/post treatment, after 14 weeks of treatment, post treatment and at 6 mo. follow-up. |
| Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-I (SCID-I), (First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 2001). | A structural interview assessing axis-I disorders. This instrument is used to evaluate changes in axis-I disorders in the patients. | Pre- and post treatment |