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Nursemaid elbow or pulled elbow is a condition commonly seen in the emergency department. It is the sudden pull of the radial head (a bone in the elbow) in toddlers. Usually occur when a parent tries to pull the child by the arm and a "clic" or "clunk" is felt with immediate pain and unwilling to move the arm. It is not a dangerous condition although it is distressing for kids and their parents/caretakers.
The usual therapy consists of one of two maneuvers: supination maneuver or pronation maneuver. They both are safe to perform but none of them have been statistically superior over the other. More studies are needed to confirm or discard the tendency of the studies to favor the pronation maneuver.
The investigators intend to perform a randomized trial evaluating which of these techniques is better than the other in terms of returning the mobility of the affected arm and decreasing pain.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pronation group | Experimental | In this group, participants will receive the pronation procedure. The technique is described below |
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| Supination group | Active Comparator | Participants in this group will be performed the supination technique. Description below. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pronation | Other | In this technique the arm is flexed 90 degrees and a gentle pronation is applied to the arm; then the arm is further flexed to 45 degrees until the clinician feels a "click" in the elbow meaning the re-accommodation of the radial head has been accomplished. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Successful reduction | ✦ Patient can move his/her arm without pain in the next 20 minutes after the technique is applied: i.e., the mother asks the child to hold an object (toy) and the toddler can hold it without problem. | 10 to 20 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain of the procedure | The mother will asses after the protocol is completed the perceived pain on her child from the maneuver. This will be assessed in a Likert scale. | 1 to 5 min |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Pulled elbow suspected in any child presenting one of the following:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carlos A Cuello-Garcia, MD | Contact | +52(81)-81430200 | carlos.cuello@itesm.mx |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Carlos A Cuello-Garcia, MD | Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterey | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Medicine and Health Sciences | Monterrey | Nuevo León | 64710 | Mexico |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011403 | Pronation |
| D013484 | Supination |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Supination | Other | The affected arm is in a 90 degrees flexion. The clinician will hold the arm by the elbow and then makes a gentle supination of the affected arm and flexion of the elbow until feeling the "click" and the child is able to move the arm without pain. |
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