Nasogastric/Orogastric Tube Placement Verification Study Using RightSpot pH Indicator to Verify Gastric Acidity

Evaluation of RightBio Metrics', RightSpot pH Indicator, for Rapid Bedside Verification of Proper Nasogastric/ Orogastric Tube Placement in Emergency Department & Intensive Care Unit Patients

This study will evaluate the use of RightBio Metrics' RightSpot device used to determine if there is proper placement of a nasogastric or orogastric tube.

Primary objective:

To assess the level of accuracy of the RightSpot pH Indicator in determining correct placement of NG/OG tubes as compared to the gold standard of CXR in Emergency Department & ICU patients.

Hypothesis 1: In greater than 90% of the cases, RightSpot pH Indicator will be successful in confirming the placement of NG/OG tubes by demonstrating a pH of 4.5 or less in patients with CXR proven tube placement.

Hypothesis 2: The time to confirmation of NG/OG tube placement will be significantly less using the RightSpot pH Indicator than using CXR. The time will be calculated by the start time consisting of the time that the NG/OG tube was placed until the end time, which will be when the device pH Indicator testing is performed. The time to confirmation using the gold standard of a CXR will begin when the NG/OG tube is placed and end when the CXR is available on PACS (picture archiving and communication system).

Secondary objective:

To determine via subgroup analysis whether gross blood in the stomach, presence of acid-reducing medications, or trauma affects the accuracy of NG/OG placement determination by the RightSpot pH Indicator.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients 18 years and older
• Patient or proxy willing to provide informed consent
• Patients who require placement of a nasogastric/orogastric tube, in the ED or ICU, as standard of care, AND a member of the study staff is available and present for NG/OG tube placement.
• It is anticipated that the patient will remain in the ED/ICU in order to obtain RightSpot pH Indicator reading and verifying CXR

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients less than 18 years of age
• Patient or proxy unwilling or unable to provide informed consent
• Patient with known or suspected pregnancy