An adverse event (AE) is any noxious, unintended, or untoward medical occurrence that may appear or worsen during the course of a study. A TEAE is any AE that began or worsened on or after the start of study drug through 28 days after the last dose. A treatment-related TEAE is a TEAE which was considered by the investigator to be related to study drug. The severity/intensity of AEs was assessed by the investigator as Mild (asymptomatic or mild symptoms; intervention not indicated), Moderate (symptoms cause moderate discomfort, intervention may be required), or Severe (symptoms cause severe discomfort/pain, requiring medical intervention, inability to perform daily activities). A serious AE is any AE that: - Resulted in death; - Was life-threatening; - Required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization - Resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity; - Was a congenital anomaly/birth defect; - Constituted an important medical event.

All randomized participants who received at least one dose of the study treatment (either pomalidomide or placebo).

Forced vital capacity (FVC) is a pulmonary function test and is the volume of air in the lungs that can forcibly be blown out after a full inhalation. Percent predicted values are based comparison between the participant's measured value with expected FVC for someone of the same sex, age and height (reference value). For the analysis of FVC, the baseline value was defined as the average of all values between Screening and Baseline (inclusive), and the average of Weeks 48 and 52 was treated as the Week 52 value, to reduce the total data variability at the key time points.

The Full Analysis Set (FAS) consisted of all randomized participants who received at least one dose of study drug. Participants with a Baseline value and a Week 52 were included in the analysis.

Improvement in skin thickening is associated with improved survival and may be useful as a surrogate measurement in clinical studies. The mRSS is an assessment tool which is used to evaluate the extent and severity of the skin thickening associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Seventeen body areas were evaluated on a 4-point scale (0 [normal], 1 [mild], 2 [moderate]), or 3 [severe]). The total score, which is the sum of the 17 individual body assessments, can range from 0 to 51.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and a post-baseline value at Week 52 or Early Termination

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets gastrointestinal (GI) activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health (except for Questions 15 and 31 which are scored as 0 (better health) or 1 (worse health). The total score is calculated as the average of the first 6 scale scores (excluding constipation) which captures overall burden (severity) of SSc-associated GIT. The overall score ranges from 0 to 3, where higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and a Week 52 value

Forced vital capacity (FVC) is a pulmonary function test and is the volume of air in the lungs that can forcibly be blown out after a full inhalation. Percent predicted values are based comparison between the participant's measured value with expected FVC for someone of the same sex, age and height (reference value).

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at the time point.

Improvement in skin thickening is associated with improved survival and may be useful as a surrogate measurement in clinical studies. The mRSS is an assessment tool which is used to evaluate the extent and severity of the skin thickening associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Seventeen body areas were evaluated on a 4-point scale (0 [normal], 1 [mild], 2 [moderate], or 3 [severe]). The total score, which is the sum of the 17 individual body assessments, can range from 0 to 51.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and a post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health (except for Questions 15 and 31 which are scored as 0 (better health) or 1 (worse health). The total score is calculated as the average of the first 6 scale scores (excluding constipation) which captures overall burden (severity) of SSc-associated GIT. The overall score ranges from 0 to 3, where higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health. The reflux subscale score is calculated as the average of eight reflux-related questions; the score ranges from 0 to 3, where higher scores indicate more frequent symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health. The distension/bloating subscale score is calculated as the average of four distension/bloating-related questions; the score ranges from 0 to 3, where higher scores indicate more frequent symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health. The fecal soilage subscale score is calculated from one soilage question; the score ranges from 0 to 3, where higher scores indicate more frequent symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The diarrhea subscale score is calculated as the average of one diarrhea question about the frequency of loose stools (on a scale from 0 [none] to 3 [5-7 days/week] and one question about the presence of watery stools (scored as 0 [No] or 1 [Yes]); the score ranges from 0 to 2, where a higher score indicates more frequent symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health. The social functioning subscale score is calculated as the average of six questions about how often symptoms interfered with social activities; the score ranges from 0 to 3, where higher scores indicate more frequent symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health. The emotional well-being subscale score is calculated as the average of nine questions regarding the impact of bowel problems on emotional status; the score ranges from 0 to 3, where higher scores indicate more frequent problems.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 is a 34-item, health-related quality of life self-administered evaluation tool, which targets GI activity and severity in patients with SSc. Individual scales include reflux, distention/bloating, fecal soilage, diarrhea, social functioning, emotional well-being and constipation. The items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates better health and 3 indicates worse health. The constipation subscale score is calculated as the average of three questions regarding the frequency of constipation (scored from 0 [no days] to 3 [5-7 days/week] and one question about the presence of stools becoming harder (scored as 0 [No] or 1 [Yes]); the score ranges from 0 to 2.5, where higher scores indicate more frequent symptoms.

FAS participants with a Baseline value and post-baseline value at each time point.

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. Changes in dyspnea functional impairment were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (formerly working but had to stop working and abandoned usual activities due to shortness of breath) to Major Improvement (able to return to work at former pace and return to full activities with only mild restriction due to improvement of shortness of breath). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants who gave up or reduced work or other activities for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. Changes in dyspnea functional impairment were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (formerly working but had to stop working and abandoned usual activities due to shortness of breath) to Major Improvement (able to return to work at former pace and return to full activities with only mild restriction due to improvement of shortness of breath). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants who gave up or reduced work or other activities for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. Changes in dyspnea functional impairment were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (formerly working but had to stop working and abandoned usual activities due to shortness of breath) to Major Improvement (able to return to work at former pace and return to full activities with only mild restriction due to improvement of shortness of breath). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants who gave up or reduced work or other activities for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. Changes in dyspnea functional impairment were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (formerly working but had to stop working and abandoned usual activities due to shortness of breath) to Major Improvement (able to return to work at former pace and return to full activities with only mild restriction due to improvement of shortness of breath). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants who gave up or reduced work or other activities for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. Changes in dyspnea functional impairment were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (formerly working but had to stop working and abandoned usual activities due to shortness of breath) to Major Improvement (able to return to work at former pace and return to full activities with only mild restriction due to improvement of shortness of breath). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants who gave up or reduced work or other activities for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. Changes in dyspnea functional impairment were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (formerly working but had to stop working and abandoned usual activities due to shortness of breath) to Major Improvement (able to return to work at former pace and return to full activities with only mild restriction due to improvement of shortness of breath). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants who gave up or reduced work or other activities for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with extraordinary activity such as running or carrying very heavy loads). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (deteriorated ≥ 2 grades from Baseline) to Major Improvement (Improved ≥ 2 grades from Baseline). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath, for example musculoskeletal problems or chest pain.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with extraordinary activity such as running or carrying very heavy loads). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (deteriorated ≥ 2 grades from Baseline) to Major Improvement (Improved ≥ 2 grades from Baseline). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath, for example musculoskeletal problems or chest pain.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with extraordinary activity such as running or carrying very heavy loads). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (deteriorated ≥ 2 grades from Baseline) to Major Improvement (Improved ≥ 2 grades from Baseline). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath, for example musculoskeletal problems or chest pain.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with extraordinary activity such as running or carrying very heavy loads). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (deteriorated ≥ 2 grades from Baseline) to Major Improvement (Improved ≥ 2 grades from Baseline). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath, for example musculoskeletal problems or chest pain.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with extraordinary activity such as running or carrying very heavy loads). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (deteriorated ≥ 2 grades from Baseline) to Major Improvement (Improved ≥ 2 grades from Baseline). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath, for example musculoskeletal problems or chest pain.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with extraordinary activity such as running or carry very heavy loads). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (deteriorated ≥ 2 grades from Baseline) to Major Improvement (Improved ≥ 2 grades from Baseline). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath, for example musculoskeletal problems or chest pain.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with greatest imaginable effort). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (severe decrease in effort from Baseline to avoid shortness of breath, activities take 50-100% longer to complete) to Major Improvement (able to do things with much greater effort than previously with few, if any, pauses). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with greatest imaginable effort). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (severe decrease in effort from Baseline to avoid shortness of breath, activities take 50-100% longer to complete) to Major Improvement (able to do things with much greater effort than previously with few, if any, pauses). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with greatest imaginable effort). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (severe decrease in effort from Baseline to avoid shortness of breath, activities take 50-100% longer to complete) to Major Improvement (able to do things with much greater effort than previously with few, if any, pauses). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with greatest imaginable effort). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (severe decrease in effort from Baseline to avoid shortness of breath, activities take 50-100% longer to complete) to Major Improvement (able to do things with much greater effort than previously with few, if any, pauses). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with greatest imaginable effort). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (severe decrease in effort from Baseline to avoid shortness of breath, activities take 50-100% longer to complete) to Major Improvement (able to do things with much greater effort than previously with few, if any, pauses). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) provides interview-based measurements of breathlessness related to activities of daily living. The TDI is an evaluative instrument that includes specific criteria for each of three components (functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort) to measure changes from a baseline state. At Baseline magnitude of task was assessed on a scale from Grade 0 (becomes short of breath at rest, while sitting or lying) to Grade 4 (becomes short of breath only with greatest imaginable effort). Changes in dyspnea magnitude of task were assessed on a scale from Major Deterioration (severe decrease in effort from Baseline to avoid shortness of breath, activities take 50-100% longer to complete) to Major Improvement (able to do things with much greater effort than previously with few, if any, pauses). Further impairment for other reasons includes participants with reduced exertion capacity for reasons other than shortness of breath.

FAS participants with available data

Oxygen saturation was measured by pulse oximetry.

FAS participants with a value at each time point.

Pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses were not conducted as there were too few participants with available data.

PK analyses were not conducted as there were too few participants with available data. No data was analyzed.