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This prospective, multi-center, observational study will assess the efficacy and safety of treatment in patients who are treated with a TNF Inhibitor or RoActemra/Actemra (tocilizumab) as the first biologic therapy. Data will be collected for 52 weeks.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Change From Baseline in Calculated Disease Activity Score Based on 28 Joint Count Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate at Week 24 | Disease activity score based on 28 joint counts (DAS28) is a composite measure of disease severity and it incorporates four specific measures of disease: swollen joint count (SJC) of 28 joints, tender joint count (TJC) of 28 joints, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity by visual analogue scale (VAS), and acute-phase inflammatory marker [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in millimeter/hour (mm/h), or C-reactive protein (CRP) in milligram/liter (mg/L)]. For the purposes of this study, ESR was used whenever possible to calculate the DAS28 (DAS28-ESR). Higher the scores, greater is the disease activity. A DAS28 score of less than or equal to (</=) 3.2 = low disease activity, a DAS28 score of >3.2 to 5.1 = moderate to high disease activity. | Baseline and Week 24 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Change From Baseline in Disease Activity Score Based on 28 Joint Count Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate at Week 52 | Disease activity score based on 28 joint counts (DAS28) is a composite measure of disease severity and it incorporates four specific measures of disease: swollen joint count (SJC) of 28 joints, tender joint count (TJC) of 28 joints, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity by visual analogue scale (VAS), and acute-phase inflammatory marker (ESR in mm/h, or CRP in mg/L). For the purposes of this study, ESR was used whenever possible to calculate the DAS28 (DAS28-ESR). Higher the scores, greater is the disease activity. A DAS28 score of </= 3.2 = low disease activity, a DAS28 score of >3.2 to 5.1 = moderate to high disease activity. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Trials | Hoffmann-La Roche | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catamarca Capital | 4700 | Argentina | ||||
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28622454 | Derived | Choy EH, Bernasconi C, Aassi M, Molina JF, Epis OM. Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis With Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor or Tocilizumab Therapy as First Biologic Agent in a Global Comparative Observational Study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017 Oct;69(10):1484-1494. doi: 10.1002/acr.23303. Epub 2017 Sep 6. |
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A total of 1250 participants were screened for entry into the study, with 1225 participants enrolled in the study. One participant whose randomization status was unknown withdrew informed consent.
This observational study was conducted at 158 sites in 16 countries from 9 February 2012 to 20 February 2015.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Tocilizumab | Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with tocilizumab as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (csDMARD) therapy. Tocilizumab administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed tocilizumab for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| Baseline and Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | Blood samples were collected for ESR, which is an acute phase reactant and a measure of inflammation. BL = baseline. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in C-reactive Protein | Blood samples were collected for C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP is an inflammation marker. High levels of this protein indicate inflammation in diseases such as RA. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Swollen Joint Count | A swollen joint count (SJC) is the most specific clinical method to quantify abnormalities in participants with RA. It reflects the amount of inflamed synovial tissue. Twenty-eight joints were assessed for swelling. Joints were classified as swollen (1)/ not swollen (0) giving a total possible SJC score of 0 to 28. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Tender Joint Count | A tender joint count (TJC) is the most specific clinical method to quantify abnormalities in participants with RA. It is associated with the level of pain. Twenty-eight joints were assessed for tenderness. Joints were classified as tender (1)/not tender (0) giving a total possible TJC score of 0 to 28. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Clinical Disease Activity Index and Simplified Disease Activity Index Score | Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) was calculated as the sum of the following parameters: SJC + TJC + VAS Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity + VAS Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity. VAS assessments involved a 10-cm horizontal scale from 'no disease activity' to 'maximum disease activity'. CDAI scores ranged from 0 to 76, with higher scores indicating increased disease activity. Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) was calculated as the sum of the following parameters: SJC +TJC + Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity + Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity + CRP. SDAI scores ranged from 0 to 86, with higher scores also indicating increased disease activity. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Physician Global Assessment Score | The Physician's Global Assessment of disease activity was assessed using a 0 to 100 millimeter (mm) horizontal VAS. The left-hand extreme of the line equals 0 mm, and is described as "no disease activity" (symptom-free and no arthritis symptoms) and the right-hand extreme equals 100 mm, as "maximum disease activity" (maximum arthritis disease activity). Change from baseline = scores at observation minus score at baseline. An increase in score from baseline represented disease progression and/or joint worsening, no change represented halting of disease progression, and a decrease represented improvement. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Loss of Efficacy or Development of Intolerance to Biologic Therapy | Events that are clearly consistent with the expected pattern of progression of the underlying disease may contribute to lack of efficacy. Lack of efficacy was one of the reasons for termination of biology therapy. The number of participants showing lack of efficacy to biologic therapy is presented. | Up to Week 52 |
| Proportion of Participants Who Terminated Biologic Treatment | The proportion of participants who discontinued biologic treatment was compared between tocilizumab-treated and TNF inhibitor-treated participants. | Up to Week 52 |
| Reasons for Treatment Discontinuation | The reasons for discontinuation of tocilizumab or TNF inhibitor is presented. | Up to Week 52 |
| Cumulative Number of Participants Who Discontinued Biologic Therapy at the End of Each Study Period | The total number of participants who discontinued biologic therapy at the end of each study period (Week 0 - 24, Week 24 - 52, Week 52 - 57 and Week 57 - end of treatment) is presented. Participants who did not have a biologic therapy discontinuation or discontinued before having one, were considered as 'censored' at the date study termination. | Up to end of treatment |
| Number of Participants of Infusion Reactions or Injection Site Reactions During the Study Following the Start of the First Biologic Therapy | An infusion reaction was defined as an adverse event (AE) occurring during and within 24 hours after the infusion, which may include hypersensitivity reactions or anaphylactic reactions. Injection site reactions were included in the summaries for infusion reactions. | Up to Week 52 |
| Number of Participants With Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Events and Non-serious Adverse Events | An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a pharmaceutical product, regardless of causal attribution. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. A serious adverse event (SAE) is any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose results in death, are life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization or results in disability/incapacity, and congenital anomaly/birth defect. | Up to Week 52 |
| Number of Participants With Serious and Non-serious Adverse Events of Special Interest, Including Infections, During the Study | Adverse events of special interest (AESI) for this study included: infections (including opportunistic infections), myocardial infarction/acute coronary syndrome, gastrointestinal perforation and related events, malignancies, anaphylaxis / hypersensitivity reactions, demyelinating disorders, stroke, bleeding events and hepatic events. Based on seriousness criteria, they were categorized as serious and non-serious adverse events of special interest. | Up to Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index Score | The Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) is a 20-question instrument that assesses the degree of difficulty a person has in accomplishing tasks in 8 functional areas (dressing, arising, eating, walking, hygiene, reaching, gripping and activities of daily living). Responses in each functional area are scored from 0 to 3 (0=no difficulty and 3=inability to perform a task in that area). HAQ-DI total scores expressed as overall mean score with range 0-3: 0-0.25=normal functioning; 0.25-0.5=mild functional limitation; 0.5-1=moderate functional limitation; more than 1=significant functional limitation. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Score | Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) is a 13-item questionnaire. Participants scored each item on a 5-point scale: 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Very much). The larger the participant's response to the questions (with the exception of 2 negatively stated), the greater the participant's fatigue. The sum of all responses resulted in the FACIT-F score for a total possible score of 0 (worse score) to 52 (better score). A higher score reflects an improvement in the participant's health status. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mean Change From Baseline in Visual Analogue Scale Pain Score | VAS is a 100 mm scale. Intensity of pain range: 0 mm=no pain to 100 mm=worst possible pain. Change from baseline =scores at observation minus score at baseline. An increase in score from baseline represented disease progression and/or joint worsening, no change represented halting of disease progression, and a decrease represented improvement. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Shift From Baseline in Morning Stiffness | Shift tables presenting the number of participants in each bivariate category Week (W) 0 versus Week 24 and Week 52, with regards to morning stiffness at the different time points, was presented for each treatment arm. For participants who experienced joint stiffness while waking up in the morning, duration of morning stiffness was categorized as follows: Less than 30 minutes (min), Between 30 and 60 minutes, Between 60 and 120 minutes, Between 120 to 240 minutes, More than 240 minutes and the whole day. Baseline = BL | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Change From Baseline in Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity | The patient's global assessment of disease activity is assessed on a 0 to 100 mm horizontal VAS by the participant. The left-hand extreme of the line equals 0 mm, and is described as "no disease activity" (symptom-free and no arthritis symptoms) and the right-hand extreme equals 100 mm, as "maximum disease activity" (maximum arthritis disease activity). A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement. | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
| Mendoza |
| 5500 |
| Argentina |
| Mendoza | 5501 | Argentina |
| Rosario | S2000PBJ | Argentina |
| Aalst | 9300 | Belgium |
| Assebroek | 8310 | Belgium |
| Aye | 6900 | Belgium |
| Brussels | 1000 | Belgium |
| Brussels | 1050 | Belgium |
| Edegem | 2650 | Belgium |
| Genk | 3600 | Belgium |
| Ghent | 9000 | Belgium |
| Godinne | 5530 | Belgium |
| Heusy | 4802 | Belgium |
| Liège | 4000 | Belgium |
| Ostend | 8400 | Belgium |
| Verviers | 4800 | Belgium |
| Westmalle | 2390 | Belgium |
| Barranquilla | Colombia |
| Bogotá | Colombia |
| Bucaramanga | Colombia |
| MedellÃn | Colombia |
| Cuenca | Ecuador |
| Esmeraldas | EC080150 | Ecuador |
| Guayaquil | EC090114 | Ecuador |
| Portoviejo | Ecuador |
| Quito | 005932 | Ecuador |
| Quito | EC170135 | Ecuador |
| Quito | EC170412 | Ecuador |
| Aachen | 52064 | Germany |
| Bad Aibling | 83043 | Germany |
| Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler | 53474 | Germany |
| Bayreuth | 95445 | Germany |
| Berlin | 13055 | Germany |
| Cologne | 50937 | Germany |
| Dresden | 01109 | Germany |
| Erfurt | 99096 | Germany |
| Erlangen | 91056 | Germany |
| Fulda | 36043 | Germany |
| Hamburg | 22147 | Germany |
| Hamburg | 22767 | Germany |
| Heidelberg | 69121 | Germany |
| Herne | 44652 | Germany |
| Ludwigsfelde | 14974 | Germany |
| München | 80639 | Germany |
| München | 81541 | Germany |
| Passau | 94032 | Germany |
| Rostock | 18059 | Germany |
| Stuttgart | 70178 | Germany |
| Traunstein | 83278 | Germany |
| Wuppertal | 42105 | Germany |
| Athens | 11527 | Greece |
| Athens | 155 62 | Greece |
| Pátrai | 26335 | Greece |
| Thessaloniki | 544 65 | Greece |
| Thessaloniki | 56429 | Greece |
| Guatemala City | Guatemala |
| Coppito | Abruzzo | 67100 | Italy |
| Pescara | Abruzzo | 65100 | Italy |
| Brindisi | Apulia | 72100 | Italy |
| Martina Franca | Apulia | 74015 | Italy |
| San Cesario di Lecce | Apulia | 73016 | Italy |
| Reggio Calabria | Calabria | 89133 | Italy |
| Avellino | Campania | 83100 | Italy |
| Naples | Campania | 80131 | Italy |
| Naples | Campania | 80144 | Italy |
| Salerno | Campania | 84131 | Italy |
| Udine | Friuli Venezia Giulia | 33100 | Italy |
| Rome | Lazio | 00133 | Italy |
| Rome | Lazio | 00189 | Italy |
| Arenzano | Liguria | 16011 | Italy |
| Brescia | Lombardy | 25123 | Italy |
| Legnano | Lombardy | 20025 | Italy |
| Milan | Lombardy | 20157 | Italy |
| Milan | Lombardy | 20162 | Italy |
| Agnone | Molise | 86081 | Italy |
| Turin | Piedmont | 10126 | Italy |
| Turin | Piedmont | 10128 | Italy |
| Catania | Sicily | 95124 | Italy |
| Jesi Ancona | The Marches | 60035 | Italy |
| Prato | Tuscany | 59100 | Italy |
| Perugia | Umbria | 06122 | Italy |
| Guadalajara | 44600 | Mexico |
| Guadalajara | 44650 | Mexico |
| Guadalajara | 45040 | Mexico |
| Mexicali | 21100 | Mexico |
| Mexico Ctiy | 07760 | Mexico |
| Panama City | 32400 | Panama |
| Almada | 2801-951 | Portugal |
| Amadora | 2720-276 | Portugal |
| Lisbon | 1069-166 | Portugal |
| Lisbon | 1649-035 | Portugal |
| Porto | 4099-001 | Portugal |
| Porto | 4200-319 | Portugal |
| Vila Nova de Gaia | 4400-129 | Portugal |
| Fuenlabrada | Madrid | 28942 | Spain |
| Madrid | Madrid | 28006 | Spain |
| Madrid | Madrid | 28007 | Spain |
| Madrid | Madrid | 28905 | Spain |
| San Sebastián de los Reyes | Madrid | 28702 | Spain |
| Aarau | 5000 | Switzerland |
| Basel | 4031 | Switzerland |
| Chur | 7000 | Switzerland |
| Sankt Gallen | 9007 | Switzerland |
| Donetsk | 83045 | Ukraine |
| Kharkiv | 61052 | Ukraine |
| Kmelnytskyy | 29000 | Ukraine |
| Kyiv | 02125 | Ukraine |
| Kyiv | 03151 | Ukraine |
| Kyiv | 1023 | Ukraine |
| Odesa | 65026 | Ukraine |
| Uzhhorod | 88000 | Ukraine |
| Zaporizhzhya | 69600 | Ukraine |
| Barnsley | S75 2EP | United Kingdom |
| Basildon | SS16 5NL | United Kingdom |
| Basingstoke | RG24 9NA | United Kingdom |
| Brighton | BN2 5BE | United Kingdom |
| Cannock | WS11 5XY | United Kingdom |
| Cardiff | CF14 4XW | United Kingdom |
| Chertsey | KT16 0PZ | United Kingdom |
| Crawley | RH11 7DH | United Kingdom |
| Darlington | DL3 6HX | United Kingdom |
| Enfield | EN2 8JL | United Kingdom |
| Grimsby | DN33 2BA | United Kingdom |
| Guildford | GU2 7XX | United Kingdom |
| Ipswich | IP4 5PD | United Kingdom |
| Kettering | NN16 8UZ | United Kingdom |
| Lancaster | LA1 4RP | United Kingdom |
| Leeds | LS7 4SA | United Kingdom |
| Llandudno | LL30 1LB | United Kingdom |
| London | SE18 4QH | United Kingdom |
| London | SW17 0QT | United Kingdom |
| London | W6 8RF | United Kingdom |
| Luton | LU4 0DZ | United Kingdom |
| Maidstone | ME16 9QQ | United Kingdom |
| Margate | CT9 4AN | United Kingdom |
| Metropolitan Borough of Wirral | CH49 5PE | United Kingdom |
| North Shields | NE29 8NH | United Kingdom |
| Oswestry | SY10 7AG | United Kingdom |
| Plymouth | PL6 8DH | United Kingdom |
| Portsmouth | PO6 3LY | United Kingdom |
| Reading | RG1 5AN | United Kingdom |
| Rhyl | LL18 5UJ | United Kingdom |
| Romford | RM7 0AG | United Kingdom |
| Sheffield | S10 2JF | United Kingdom |
| Stockport | SK2 7JE | United Kingdom |
| Sunderland | SR4 7TP | United Kingdom |
| Swindon | SN3 6BB | United Kingdom |
| Torquay | TQ2 7AA | United Kingdom |
| Warrington | WA5 1QG | United Kingdom |
| Wolverhampton | WV10 0QP | United Kingdom |
| Wrightington | WN6 9EP | United Kingdom |
| Montevideo | 11000 | Uruguay |
| Montevideo | 11800 | Uruguay |
| FG001 | TNF Inhibitor | Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with a TNF inhibitor as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. The TNF inhibitor administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed TNF inhibitor for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
| COMPLETED |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
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Baseline characteristics were described for the safety population. All enrolled participants who received at least one dose of a TNF inhibitor or tocilizumab during the study were included in the safety population.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Tocilizumab | Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with tocilizumab as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. Tocilizumab administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed tocilizumab for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
| BG001 | TNF Inhibitor | Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with a TNF inhibitor as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. The TNF inhibitor administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed TNF inhibitor for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Mean Change From Baseline in Calculated Disease Activity Score Based on 28 Joint Count Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate at Week 24 | Disease activity score based on 28 joint counts (DAS28) is a composite measure of disease severity and it incorporates four specific measures of disease: swollen joint count (SJC) of 28 joints, tender joint count (TJC) of 28 joints, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity by visual analogue scale (VAS), and acute-phase inflammatory marker [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in millimeter/hour (mm/h), or C-reactive protein (CRP) in milligram/liter (mg/L)]. For the purposes of this study, ESR was used whenever possible to calculate the DAS28 (DAS28-ESR). Higher the scores, greater is the disease activity. A DAS28 score of less than or equal to (</=) 3.2 = low disease activity, a DAS28 score of >3.2 to 5.1 = moderate to high disease activity. | Participants belonging to the safety population who had first biologic administration within 60 days after the last Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) disease activity assessment were included in the effectiveness analysis population. Data of participants available at the time of the assessment were included in the analysis. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | Units on a scale | Baseline and Week 24 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Disease Activity Score Based on 28 Joint Count Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate at Week 52 | Disease activity score based on 28 joint counts (DAS28) is a composite measure of disease severity and it incorporates four specific measures of disease: swollen joint count (SJC) of 28 joints, tender joint count (TJC) of 28 joints, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity by visual analogue scale (VAS), and acute-phase inflammatory marker (ESR in mm/h, or CRP in mg/L). For the purposes of this study, ESR was used whenever possible to calculate the DAS28 (DAS28-ESR). Higher the scores, greater is the disease activity. A DAS28 score of </= 3.2 = low disease activity, a DAS28 score of >3.2 to 5.1 = moderate to high disease activity. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. Data of participants available at the time of the assessment were included in the analysis. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | units on a scale | Baseline and Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | Blood samples were collected for ESR, which is an acute phase reactant and a measure of inflammation. BL = baseline. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | mm/hr | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in C-reactive Protein | Blood samples were collected for C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP is an inflammation marker. High levels of this protein indicate inflammation in diseases such as RA. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | mg/L | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Swollen Joint Count | A swollen joint count (SJC) is the most specific clinical method to quantify abnormalities in participants with RA. It reflects the amount of inflamed synovial tissue. Twenty-eight joints were assessed for swelling. Joints were classified as swollen (1)/ not swollen (0) giving a total possible SJC score of 0 to 28. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | Number of swollen joints | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Tender Joint Count | A tender joint count (TJC) is the most specific clinical method to quantify abnormalities in participants with RA. It is associated with the level of pain. Twenty-eight joints were assessed for tenderness. Joints were classified as tender (1)/not tender (0) giving a total possible TJC score of 0 to 28. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | Number of tender joints | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Clinical Disease Activity Index and Simplified Disease Activity Index Score | Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) was calculated as the sum of the following parameters: SJC + TJC + VAS Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity + VAS Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity. VAS assessments involved a 10-cm horizontal scale from 'no disease activity' to 'maximum disease activity'. CDAI scores ranged from 0 to 76, with higher scores indicating increased disease activity. Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) was calculated as the sum of the following parameters: SJC +TJC + Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity + Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity + CRP. SDAI scores ranged from 0 to 86, with higher scores also indicating increased disease activity. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | units on a scale | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Physician Global Assessment Score | The Physician's Global Assessment of disease activity was assessed using a 0 to 100 millimeter (mm) horizontal VAS. The left-hand extreme of the line equals 0 mm, and is described as "no disease activity" (symptom-free and no arthritis symptoms) and the right-hand extreme equals 100 mm, as "maximum disease activity" (maximum arthritis disease activity). Change from baseline = scores at observation minus score at baseline. An increase in score from baseline represented disease progression and/or joint worsening, no change represented halting of disease progression, and a decrease represented improvement. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | scores on a scale | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Loss of Efficacy or Development of Intolerance to Biologic Therapy | Events that are clearly consistent with the expected pattern of progression of the underlying disease may contribute to lack of efficacy. Lack of efficacy was one of the reasons for termination of biology therapy. The number of participants showing lack of efficacy to biologic therapy is presented. | The safety population included all recruited participants who received at least one dose of a TNF inhibitor or tocilizumab during the study. | Posted | Number | participants | Up to Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Proportion of Participants Who Terminated Biologic Treatment | The proportion of participants who discontinued biologic treatment was compared between tocilizumab-treated and TNF inhibitor-treated participants. | The safety population was used for analysis. | Posted | Number | Percentage of participants | Up to Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Reasons for Treatment Discontinuation | The reasons for discontinuation of tocilizumab or TNF inhibitor is presented. | The safety population was used for analysis. | Posted | Number | participants | Up to Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Cumulative Number of Participants Who Discontinued Biologic Therapy at the End of Each Study Period | The total number of participants who discontinued biologic therapy at the end of each study period (Week 0 - 24, Week 24 - 52, Week 52 - 57 and Week 57 - end of treatment) is presented. Participants who did not have a biologic therapy discontinuation or discontinued before having one, were considered as 'censored' at the date study termination. | The safety population was used for analysis. | Posted | Number | participants | Up to end of treatment |
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| Secondary | Number of Participants of Infusion Reactions or Injection Site Reactions During the Study Following the Start of the First Biologic Therapy | An infusion reaction was defined as an adverse event (AE) occurring during and within 24 hours after the infusion, which may include hypersensitivity reactions or anaphylactic reactions. Injection site reactions were included in the summaries for infusion reactions. | The safety population was used for analysis. | Posted | Number | participants | Up to Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Number of Participants With Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Events and Non-serious Adverse Events | An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a pharmaceutical product, regardless of causal attribution. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. A serious adverse event (SAE) is any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose results in death, are life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization or results in disability/incapacity, and congenital anomaly/birth defect. | The safety population was used for analysis. | Posted | Number | participants | Up to Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Number of Participants With Serious and Non-serious Adverse Events of Special Interest, Including Infections, During the Study | Adverse events of special interest (AESI) for this study included: infections (including opportunistic infections), myocardial infarction/acute coronary syndrome, gastrointestinal perforation and related events, malignancies, anaphylaxis / hypersensitivity reactions, demyelinating disorders, stroke, bleeding events and hepatic events. Based on seriousness criteria, they were categorized as serious and non-serious adverse events of special interest. | The safety population was used for analysis. | Posted | Number | participants | Up to Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index Score | The Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) is a 20-question instrument that assesses the degree of difficulty a person has in accomplishing tasks in 8 functional areas (dressing, arising, eating, walking, hygiene, reaching, gripping and activities of daily living). Responses in each functional area are scored from 0 to 3 (0=no difficulty and 3=inability to perform a task in that area). HAQ-DI total scores expressed as overall mean score with range 0-3: 0-0.25=normal functioning; 0.25-0.5=mild functional limitation; 0.5-1=moderate functional limitation; more than 1=significant functional limitation. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | Scores on a scale | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Score | Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) is a 13-item questionnaire. Participants scored each item on a 5-point scale: 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Very much). The larger the participant's response to the questions (with the exception of 2 negatively stated), the greater the participant's fatigue. The sum of all responses resulted in the FACIT-F score for a total possible score of 0 (worse score) to 52 (better score). A higher score reflects an improvement in the participant's health status. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | scores on a scale | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change From Baseline in Visual Analogue Scale Pain Score | VAS is a 100 mm scale. Intensity of pain range: 0 mm=no pain to 100 mm=worst possible pain. Change from baseline =scores at observation minus score at baseline. An increase in score from baseline represented disease progression and/or joint worsening, no change represented halting of disease progression, and a decrease represented improvement. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | units on a scale | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Shift From Baseline in Morning Stiffness | Shift tables presenting the number of participants in each bivariate category Week (W) 0 versus Week 24 and Week 52, with regards to morning stiffness at the different time points, was presented for each treatment arm. For participants who experienced joint stiffness while waking up in the morning, duration of morning stiffness was categorized as follows: Less than 30 minutes (min), Between 30 and 60 minutes, Between 60 and 120 minutes, Between 120 to 240 minutes, More than 240 minutes and the whole day. Baseline = BL | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. | Posted | Number | participants | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
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| Secondary | Change From Baseline in Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity | The patient's global assessment of disease activity is assessed on a 0 to 100 mm horizontal VAS by the participant. The left-hand extreme of the line equals 0 mm, and is described as "no disease activity" (symptom-free and no arthritis symptoms) and the right-hand extreme equals 100 mm, as "maximum disease activity" (maximum arthritis disease activity). A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement. | The effectiveness analysis population was used for analysis. n = the number of participants available for assessment at a given time point | Posted | Least Squares Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | scores on a scale | Baseline, Week 24, Week 52 |
|
Up to Week 52
SAEs and non-serious AEs were reported for members of the safety population, which included all recruited participants who received at least one dose of a TNF inhibitor or tocilizumab during the study. All SAEs are reported, without any frequency threshold.
Not provided
| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Tocilizumab | Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with tocilizumab as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. Tocilizumab administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed tocilizumab for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. | 22 | 423 | 132 | 423 | ||
| EG001 | TNF Inhibitor | Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with a TNF inhibitor as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. The TNF inhibitor administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed TNF inhibitor for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. | 64 | 793 | 231 | 793 |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anaemia | Blood and lymphatic system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Acute coronary syndrome | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Acute myocardial infarction | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Angina unstable | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Atrial fibrillation | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Cardiac failure | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Hypertensive heart disease | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pericardial effusion | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Parophthalmia | Eye disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Colitis ischaemic | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Toothache | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Chest pain | General disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Injection site rash | General disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Malaise | General disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Multi-organ failure | General disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Oedema peripheral | General disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Ulcer | General disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Cholecystitis | Hepatobiliary disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Anaphylactic reaction | Immune system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Hypersensitivity | Immune system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Abscess | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Abscess of salivary gland | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Arthritis bacterial | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Bacterial sepsis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Cellulitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Cytomegalovirus gastritis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Epididymitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Erysipelas | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Gastroenteritis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Graft infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Infected skin ulcer | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Intervertebral discitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Lower respiratory tract infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Osteomyelitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Peritonitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pharyngitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pneumonia | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pyelonephritis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Sepsis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Staphylococcal infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Upper respiratory tract infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Urinary tract infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Wound infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Ankle fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Femur fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Hip fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Joint dislocation | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Spinal fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Tendon rupture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Tibia fracture | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Transaminases increased | Investigations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Arthritis | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Bursitis | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Intervertebral disc protrusion | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Joint swelling | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Osteoarthritis | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Synovial cyst | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Basal cell carcinoma | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Hepatic neoplasm | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Metastatic neoplasm | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Skin cancer | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Cerebral infarction | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Cerebral ischaemia | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Cerebrovascular accident | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Demyelination | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Guillain-Barre syndrome | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pregnancy | Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Depression | Psychiatric disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Glomerulonephritis membranous | Renal and urinary disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Renal failure acute | Renal and urinary disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Alveolitis | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Asthma | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Bronchospasm | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pneumonitis | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Pulmonary embolism | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| Deep vein thrombosis | Vascular disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
|
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NEUTROPENIA | Blood and lymphatic system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| DIARRHOEA | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| NAUSEA | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| INJECTION SITE REACTION | General disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| BRONCHITIS | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| CELLULITIS | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| HERPES ZOSTER | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| NASOPHARYNGITIS | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| PHARYNGITIS | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| SINUSITIS | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| URINARY TRACT INFECTION | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE INCREASED | Investigations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| NEUTROPHIL COUNT DECREASED | Investigations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| TRANSAMINASES INCREASED | Investigations | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| HYPERTRIGLYCERIDAEMIA | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| BACK PAIN | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| HEADACHE | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| COUGH | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| DYSPNOEA | Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| ALOPECIA | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| PRURITUS | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
| |
| RASH | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.1 | Systematic Assessment |
|
The Study being conducted under this Agreement is part of the Overall Study. Investigator is free to publish in reputable journals or to present at professional conferences the results of the Study, but only after the first publication or presentation that involves the Overall Study. The Sponsor may request that Confidential Information be deleted and/or the publication be postponed in order to protect the Sponsor's intellectual property rights.
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roche Trial Information Hotline | F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG | +41 61 6878333 | global.trial_information@roche.com |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001172 | Arthritis, Rheumatoid |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001168 | Arthritis |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D012216 | Rheumatic Diseases |
| D003240 | Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
| Male |
|
| TNF Inhibitor |
Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with a TNF inhibitor as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. The TNF inhibitor administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed TNF inhibitor for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
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| OG001 |
| TNF Inhibitor |
Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with a TNF inhibitor as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. The TNF inhibitor administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed TNF inhibitor for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
|
|
|
Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with a TNF inhibitor as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. The TNF inhibitor administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed TNF inhibitor for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
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| Units | Counts |
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| Participants |
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Participants with rheumatoid arthritis who were currently being treated with a TNF inhibitor as a first biologic therapy and were non-responders or intolerant to csDMARD therapy. The TNF inhibitor administration occurred as per routine practice and following the local prescribing information. Participants were observed for 52 weeks after initiation of the first biologic therapy. Participants who stopped treatment with the prescribed TNF inhibitor for reasons of inefficacy or intolerance continued to be observed for the planned period of 52 weeks. |
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